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- Eckermann attended school irregularly between 1799 and 1808. He moved around with his father as a peddler. On his hikes he was impressed by the nature of the Lüneburg Heath, the Vierlande and the Elbmarsch. The mother worked as a wool spinner and seamstress. Eckermann grew up in poor circumstances. Because of his talent for drawing, Eckermann was supported and received private lessons in French, Latin and music. In 1808 he became an official clerk in Winsen and then moved to Lüneburg in 1810, a year later to Uelzen and in 1812 and 1813 to Bevensen. In 1813 he took part as a volunteer in the wars of liberation against France. In Flanders and Brabant he came into contact with Dutch painting, for which he was enthusiastic. After the war he moved to Hanover to become a painting student with the painter Rambach. But illness thwarted the plan. There in Hanover he instead worked as a registrar in the military administration, and he pursued his literary interests.
He read the works of Friedrich Schiller, William Shakespeare, Sophocles, Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock and Theodor Körner. And he started writing poetry himself. From 1815 he attended high school. Eckermann was impressed by Goethe's poems. In 1819 he became engaged to Johanna Betram from Northeim. In 1821 he began studying law in Göttingen, which was made possible with the support of patrons from Hanover. Shortly after switching to philology, the scholarship failed to materialize and Eckermann moved to Empelde in 1822. There he dedicated himself to writing poetry as a freelance writer. His work "Contributions to Poetry with Special Reference to Goethe" was published. The work later gave him access to Goethe. In May 1823, Goethe and his colleague Riemer received the work. Goethe reacted favorably to the work. Eckermann traveled to Weimar and was received by Goethe. Johann Peter Eckermann immediately received an order from him, which was followed by others.
Eckermann's "Contributions to Poetry" were printed by Cotta at Goethe's instigation. Eckermann stayed in Weimar and near Goethe. Even an offer from the international literary magazine "European Review" could not lure him away and thereby potentially initiate his own literary career. Goethe's commissions remained without payment. Eckermann gave lessons and did other work to earn his living. Among other things, he taught the future Grand Duke Carl Alexander from 1829 to 1835. In November 1825, due to Goethe's efforts, Eckermann received an honorary doctorate from the philosophy faculty at Jena University. In 1826, trips to Bleckede/Elbe, Hamburg, Stade and Hanover followed. In 1830 Eckermann made a trip to Italy with Goethe's son August. In 1831 he married his long-time fiancée, Johanna Betram. On March 26, 1834, their son Johann Friedrich Wolfgang was born. Shortly afterwards, Johanna Eckermann died. Son Karl later became a painter. Goethe commissioned Eckermann to organize and publish his letters and poems.
Together with his colleague Riemer, he was appointed in his will as administrator and editor of the literary estate. Eckermann wrote "Conversations with Goethe in the last years of his life". The now famous work covers the period from 1823 to 1832, during which Eckermann had conversations with his role model. Eckermann intended this work to create a literary work of art. During his lifetime, Goethe did not give him permission to have the work printed, even though it would have helped the author out of his difficult economic situation. They were only published in 1836 and give posterity an impressive picture of the poet prince in everyday life. Even his appointment as court councilor in 1843 did not improve his financial situation. The following year he had to flee Weimar because of his heavy debts. The Weimar court paid Eckermann's debts, so he returned there in May 1846. Nevertheless, the donations were only enough to support a poor existence in the residential city of Weimar. In addition to poverty, his declining health also bothered him. From 1836 onwards he repeatedly went on recreational trips or went on spa stays, for example in Hamburg, Heligoland or Norderney.
Johann Peter Eckermann died on December 3, 1854 in Weimar. He was buried next to the prince's crypt, which housed the remains of Goethe and Schiller. - When John Bunny died the New York Times stated, "The name John Bunny will always be linked to the movies." Little did movie fans of 1915 realize that he would be completely forgotten the next year and completely omitted from many books on silent movies 70-80 years later.
Bunny was the ninth in a line of English sea captains and would be the first not to follow in that profession. He attended St. James High School in Brooklyn and worked as a grocery clerk before running away in the late 1800s to discover the world of entertainment and appear in a small touring minstrel show. He became involved in theater and appeared in musical comedies such as "Old Dutch" with Hattie Williams and Lew Fields. He also worked as a stage manager for various stock companies. Bunny's rebellious nature took over again and he quit the theater to become involved in the "flickers". This was a very bold step. Not only was it a major step down for a "legitimate" stage actor to go into the movies at that time, but Bunny took a pay cut from $150 to $40 a week to work for Vitagraph in 1910. He made more than 250 shorts for Vitagraph over five years and become the best known face in the world.
Bunny always said that he did not aim to be a comedian, but with his short, gnome-like appearance and a weight approaching the 300-pound mark, he wound up taking advantage of these features to play comedy (he once asked rhetorically, "How could I play Romeo with a figure like mine?"). Bunny's co-star for the majority of his films was Flora Finch, who contrasted with Bunny's figure by being tall and thin. They usually appeared as Mr. & Mrs. Bunny. Their shorts were referred to as "Bunnygraphs" and "Bunnyfinches". They stayed away from physical comedy and dealt with relationships, usually the man getting away with something that his wife disagrees with.
Bunny even traveled to England to make a version of Charles Dickens' "Pickwick Papers". He decided to go back on the road with "John Bunny in Funnyland", but it was not a success. Not only did the show fail, but he was tired and ill. He talked to Vitagraph about restarting his film career, but it was too late. The man who led an adventurous life--he raced horses and flew airplanes--died at his home at 1416 Glenwood Road in Brooklyn of Bright's Disease in 1915. His funeral was held at the Elks Club House on West 43rd St. After just five years in the business, Bunny was gone and forgotten. The news of his death was heard around the world. He was so popular in Russia they created a series with an impersonator using the name "Poxon" after Bunny died. Bunny had two children, George (dec. 1958) and John (dec. 1971) Sadly, only a handful of Bunny's films survive. The one most available is the popular A Cure for Pokeritis (1912). - Marie Isabelle d'Orléans was born on 21 September 1848 in Seville, Spain. She was married to Prince Philippe of Orléans. She died on 23 April 1919 in Villamanrique de la Condesa, Spain.
- Actor
- Director
George Gebhardt was born on 21 September 1879 in Basel, Switzerland. He was an actor and director, known for The Puppet Crown (1915), A Woman's Way (1908) and The Chosen Prince, or the Friendship of David and Jonathan (1917). He was married to Mrs. George Gebhardt. He died on 2 May 1919 in Edendale, California, USA.- Actor
- Writer
Charles Hawtrey was born on 21 September 1858 in Eton, England, UK. He was an actor and writer, known for A Message from Mars (1913), The Private Secretary (1935) and Honeymoon for Three (1915). He was married to Katherine Elsie Emma Petre and Madeline 'Mae' Harriet. He died on 30 July 1923 in Marylebone, London, England, UK.- Ernst August Duke of Cumberland was born on 21 September 1845 in Hannover, Germany. He was married to Prinsesse Thyra. He died on 14 November 1923 in Gmunden, Germany.
- British essayist, literary critic and biographer Edmund Gosse was born in London in 1849. His father was a zoologist, who later became somewhat of a religious fanatic, belonging to a very conservative, fundamentalist sect called the Plymouth Brethren. The father did not believe in public education, and consequently Edmund was schooled at home; he never attended an actual "school" until he began college.
In 1867, at age 18, he was appointed assistant librarian at the British Museum. In 1875 he went to work for the Board of Trade. He eventually became acquaintances, and then friends, with many of the major figures in British literature of the day, such as 'Rudyard Kipling', 'George Bernard Shaw', 'Henry James' and 'Max Beerbohm'.
He was a lecturer in English Literature at Cambridge's Trinity College from 1884-90. In 1904 he left his post at the Board of Trade to become Librarian at the House of Lords. In 1925 he was knighted, being made Commander of the Order of the Bath 1907.
He died in 1928 following an operation. - Actor
- Writer
Arthur Roberts was born on 21 September 1852 in London, England, UK. He was an actor and writer, known for Glorious Youth (1928), Topsy Turvey (1927) and Arthur Roberts (1927). He died on 27 February 1933 in London, England, UK.- James E. Talmage was born on 21 September 1862 in Hungerford, Berkshire, England, UK. He died on 27 July 1933 in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
- Music Department
- Composer
- Soundtrack
Gustav Holst was born on 21 September 1874 in Pittville, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, UK. He was a composer, known for Knowing (2009), The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976) and The Vast of Night (2019). He was married to Isobel Harrison. He died on 25 May 1934 in Ealing, Middlesex, London, England, UK.- Actor
- Soundtrack
Mathias Taube was born on 21 September 1876 in Lindesberg, Örebro län, Sweden. He was an actor, known for Johan (1921), The Varmlanders (1932) and Kiss of Death (1916). He died on 23 June 1934 in Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden.- Eugène Dabit was born on 21 September 1898 in Mers-les-Bains, France. He was a writer, known for Hotel du Nord (1938) and Les amours des années folles (1980). He died on 21 August 1936.
- Producer
- Production Manager
Berci Fodor was born on 21 September 1879 in Budapest, Hungary. He was a producer and production manager, known for Dunaparti randevú (1936), The Little Pastry Shop (1935) and Piri mindent tud (1932). He died on 25 February 1937 in Budapest, Hungary.- J.E. Harold Terry was born on 21 September 1885 in York, England, UK. J.E. Harold was a writer, known for Midnight Lovers (1926), The Man Who Stayed at Home (1919) and General Post (1920). J.E. Harold died on 10 August 1939.
- Actress
- Soundtrack
Dagmar Parmas was born on 21 September 1886 in Helsinki, Finland. She was an actress, known for Syyllisiäkö? (1938), Tee työ ja opi pelaamaan (1936) and Ulkosaarelaiset (1938). She died on 7 July 1940 in Helsinki, Finland.- Writer
- Director
- Editor
James Ashmore Creelman was born on 21 September 1894 in Marietta, Ohio, USA. James Ashmore was a writer and director, known for King Kong (1976), King Kong (1933) and The Most Dangerous Game (1932). James Ashmore died on 9 September 1941 in New York City, New York, USA.- Mathilde Sussin was born on 21 September 1876 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. She was an actress, known for Die Buddenbrooks (1923), Frühlingserwachen (1929) and The Blue from the Sky (1932). She died on 2 August 1943 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Director
- Writer
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
James P. Hogan was born on 21 September 1890 in Lowell, Massachusetts, USA. He was a director and writer, known for Life Returns (1934), Bulldog Drummond's Peril (1938) and The Isle of Retribution (1926). He died on 4 November 1943 in North Hollywood, California, USA.- Director
- Writer
- Actor
Nikolai Larin was born on 21 September 1888. He was a director and writer, known for Hanicko, co s tebou bude? (1928), Vinovna li e? (1921) and Bog pravdu vidit, da ne skoro skazhet (1916). He died on 12 November 1944 in Berlin, Germany.- Tickner Edwards was born on 21 September 1865 in Brockley, London, England, UK. Tickner was a writer, known for Tansy (1921). Tickner died on 29 December 1944 in Burpham, West Sussex, England, UK.
- Ilka Pálmay was born on 21 September 1859 in Ungvár, Hungary [now Uzhgorod, Ukraine]. She was an actress, known for Johann Strauß an der schönen blauen Donau (1913), Das Satansweib (1915) and Kártyavár (1919). She was married to Jenõ Kinsky and József Szigligeti. She died on 17 February 1945 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Charlotte Schultz was born on 21 September 1899 in Praesgen, East Prussia, Germany [now Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia]. She was an actress, known for A Man Wants to Get to Germany (1934), Fridericus Rex - 1. Teil: Sturm und Drang (1922) and Die Liebe des Van Royk (1918). She died on 11 February 1946 in Berlin, Germany.
- Writer
- Actor
- Additional Crew
Writer, born in Bromley, Kent. He was apprenticed to a draper, tried teaching, studied biology in London, then made his mark in journalism and literature. He played a vital part in disseminating the progressive ideas which characterized the first part of the 20th-c. He achieved fame with scientific fantasies such as The Time Machine (1895) and War of the Worlds (1898), and wrote a range of comic social novels which proved highly popular, notably Kipps (1905) and The History of Mr Polly (1910). Both kinds of novel made successful (sometimes classic) early films. A member of the Fabian Society, he was often engaged in public controversy, and wrote several socio-political works dealing with the role of science and the need for world peace, such as The Outline of History (1920) and The Work, Wealth and Happiness of Mankind- Ruth Harkness was born on 21 September 1900 in Titusville, Pennsylvania, USA. She was a writer, known for China: The Panda Adventure (2001). She died on 20 July 1947 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
- M.C. Gaines was born on 21 September 1894 in New York City, New York, USA. M.C. died on 20 August 1947 in Lake Placid, New York, USA.
- Actor
- Director
William C. Dowlan was born on 21 September 1882 in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. He was an actor and director, known for Drugged Waters (1916), The Devil and Idle Hands (1915) and Richelieu (1914). He was married to Leonora Ainsworth. He died on 6 November 1947 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Additional Crew
William Dowling was born on 21 September 1882 in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. He died on 6 November 1947 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Costume Designer
- Production Designer
- Set Decorator
Left Russia in 1920 because of the Revolution and settled in Berlin (Germany) where he used to work for several Russian theaters. Moved to Paris in 1923 and worked with the Albatros production Company in Montreuil. From 1930 he also worked for some Russian Ballets (Bronislava Nijinska, Nicolas Evreinoff, Boris Romanov, Monte-Carlo). He married an Italian girl in 1936 and moved to Roma in 1939 for his daughter's birth; because of the beginning of the War, he stayed in Italy and went on working for Cinema (mainly for Titanus Film), Theatre and Ballet. He was to work again in Paris when he went sick in 1946 and he died in 1948 in Catania where he was resting. In 1949 his grave was moved in the "Famous Men Alley" of the Catania cemetery. Sculptor and Boris's friend Pietro Pappalardo is the author of the bust surmounting the grave since February 1956.- Actor
- Production Manager
- Additional Crew
Olof Ås was born on 21 September 1892. He was an actor and production manager, known for The Phantom Carriage (1921), Harald Handfaste (1946) and The Hell Ship (1923). He died on 4 September 1949.- Actor
- Additional Crew
Bruce Warren was born on 21 September 1904 in Houston, Texas, USA. He was an actor, known for Reap the Wild Wind (1942), Held for Ransom (1938) and 13 Hours by Air (1936). He died on 19 October 1949 in Orange County, California, USA.- Isabel Thornton was born on 21 September 1875 in Oldbury, West Midlands, England, UK. She was an actress, known for Laugh with Me (1938). She was married to ? Burman. She died on 7 December 1949 in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England, UK.
- Henry L. Stimson was born on 21 September 1867 in New York City, New York, USA. He was a writer, known for Hiroshima: Why the Bomb Was Dropped (1995) and Uncle Hiram Visits Washington (1912). He was married to Mabel Wellington White. He died on 20 October 1950 in Huntington, Long Island, New York, USA.
- Agnethe Schibsted-Hansson was born on 21 September 1886 in Bergen, Norway. She was an actress, known for A Quiet flirt (1933), Den store barnedåpen (1931) and Ungen (1938). She died on 7 January 1951 in Norway.
- Tim Moynihan was born on 21 September 1906 in Chicago, Illinois, USA. He was an actor, known for Maybe It's Love (1930). He was married to Mabel Davis Roach. He died on 3 April 1952 in Orange, California, USA.
- Julia Rand was born on 21 September 1881 in Missouri, USA. She was an actress, known for A Kitchen Cinderella (1920) and A Bargain in Brides (1915). She died on 14 September 1952 in San Francisco, California, USA.
- Birgit Chenon was born on 21 September 1904. She was an actress, known for The Old Clock at Ronneberga (1944) and Svarte Rudolf (1928). She died on 19 September 1952 in Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden.
- Writer
- Director
Frederick J. Jackson was born on 21 September 1886 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. He was a writer and director, known for The Perfect Lady (1931), The Jade Box (1930) and This Woman Is Mine (1941). He died on 22 May 1953 in Hollywood, California, USA.- Maxwell Aley was born on 21 September 1889 in Vincennes, Indiana, USA. He was a writer, known for You're Not So Tough (1940). He was married to Ruth Parkhurst. He died on 17 July 1953 in New York, New York, USA.
- Actor
- Stunts
Edward Burns was born on 21 September 1879 in Glendive, Montana, USA. He was an actor, known for Garragan (1924), The Freshie (1922) and 40-Horse Hawkins (1924). He died on 4 July 1954 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Director
- Writer
- Music Department
Manuel Romero was born on 21 September 1891 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was a director and writer, known for Divorcio en Montevideo (1939), Ven mi corazón te llama (1942) and Una luz en la ventana (1942). He died on 3 October 1954 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.- Actor
- Additional Crew
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Sandro Ruffini was born on 21 September 1889 in Rome, Lazio, Italy. He was an actor and assistant director, known for Forse eri tu l'amore (1939), Le due tigri (1941) and La cena delle beffe (1942). He was married to Lina Tricerri. He died on 29 November 1954 in Rome, Lazio, Italy.- Sound Department
W.R. Snyder was born on 21 September 1894 in Montana, USA. He died on 15 March 1955 in Kern, California, USA.- Sound Department
William Snyder was born on 21 September 1894 in Kalispell, Montana, USA. He is known for Scarface (1932), Come to Papa! (1931) and A Fowl Affair (1931). He died on 15 March 1955 in Kern County, California, USA.- Writer
- Production Manager
Miklós Vitéz was born on 21 September 1888 in Kecskemét, Austria-Hungary [now Hungary]. He was a writer and production manager, known for Stolen Wednesday (1933), Car of Dreams (1935) and Évforduló (1936). He died on 23 January 1956 in Budapest, Hungary.- Composer
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Thomas de Hartmann was born on 21 September 1885 in Khoruzhevka, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire [now Khoruzhivka, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine]. He was a composer, known for Sound of Metal (2019), Kriss (1931) and Meetings with Remarkable Men (1979). He died on 28 March 1956 in New York City, New York, USA.- Enrique Rambal was born on 21 September 1889 in Utiel, Valencia, Valencia, Spain. He was an actor, known for He Who Disappeared (1934) and El crimen del bosque azul (1918). He died on 10 May 1956 in Valencia, Spain.
- Hermann Buhl was born on 21 September 1924 in Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria. He was a writer, known for The Climb (1986) and Nanga Parbat 1953 (1953). He was married to Eugenie Högerle. He died on 27 June 1957.
- Actor
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Gösta Björling was born on 21 September 1912 in Stora Tuna, Dalarnas län, Sweden. He was an actor, known for Queen for a Night (1943) and The Firebird (1952). He died on 10 October 1957 in Stockholm, Sweden.- Editor
Earl Ritter was born on 21 September 1877 in Ohio, USA. Earl was an editor. Earl died on 30 November 1957 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Paul Bernard was born on 21 September 1898 in Villeneuve-sur-Lot, Lot-et-Garonne, France. He was an actor, known for The Ladies of the Bois de Boulogne (1945), Le bossu (1944) and Lumière d'été (1943). He died on 4 May 1958 in Paris, France.