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- Frederick William Herschel KH, FRS (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel; 15 November 1738 - 25 August 1822) was a German-born British astronomer and composer. He frequently collaborated with his younger sister and fellow astronomer Caroline Herschel (1750-1848). Born in the Electorate of Hanover, William Herschel followed his father into the military band of Hanover, before emigrating to Great Britain in 1757 at the age of nineteen.
- Ernst Werner Siemens' family moved to Lübeck in 1823 for economic reasons. Siemens received private lessons and later attended high school in Lübeck. He stopped attending school early. In 1834 he left Lübeck and moved to Berlin. There he became an officer candidate in the artillery of the Prussian army. Siemens was given the opportunity to study mathematics, chemistry, physics and ballistics for three years at the Berlin Engineering and Artillery School. In 1838 he became a lieutenant. The following year, 1839, his mother died and a year later his father died. He remained in the military until 1849. The final move to Berlin took place in 1842. Werner Siemens worked there in the field of telegraphy and earned his money to support his younger siblings. In 1846, Siemens invented the pointer telegraph.
The following year he and the university mechanic J.G. Halske founded the company "Telegraphen-Bauanstalt Siemens & Halske". This company formed the foundation for the later global corporation Siemens. In the revolutionary year of 1848, Siemens received the public contract to equip the Berlin-Frankfurt telegraph line with its pointer telegraph. In 1853 he worked on behalf of the Russian government, for which he renewed the telegraph line in the Tsarist Empire. In 1855 he founded a branch in St. Petersburg. The order situation there developed very positively, so that Siemens was able to successfully survive the domestic economic crisis with these business profits. During this time he invented measuring instruments, relays and other technical achievements. Siemens developed a process for laying deep-sea cables, which he tested in 1857 on behalf of the British government.
The following year, 1858, he founded another branch in London, which was run by his brother Wilhelm Siemens. He also opened a factory in Wollwich to manufacture cables. Between 1862 and 1866, Siemens was a member of the Prussian state parliament for the Progress Party. In this role he opened up the foreign market for products from Germany. In 1866 he discovered the dynamoelectric principle, which turned out to be a significant discovery both technically and economically. Ernst Werner Siemens then built the first dynamo machine and began production in 1879. This marked the beginning of the age of high-voltage technology. In 1868, work began on the approximately 11,000 kilometer long telegraph line between London, Tehran and Calcutta. After around twelve years of construction, the work was completed.
From 1867 onwards, Siemens continued to run the company alone; his partner Halske had left. Siemens' awards include an honorary doctorate, which he received from the University of Berlin in 1860. In 1873 he was admitted to the Prussian Academy of Sciences. In 1888, Emperor Wilhelm I elevated him to the nobility, which is why he now called himself Werner von Siemens. In 1874, von Siemens connected Ireland to America with an Atlantic submarine cable. His suggestions led to the adoption of the first German patent law in 1877. The following year he invented electric street lighting. In 1879, von Siemens developed the world's first electric railway and presented it to the public at the Berlin trade fair in the same year. Two years later he built the world's first electric railway in Berlin, which was put into operation.
In 1880, von Siemens was a co-founder of the "Electrical Engineering Association", today known as VDE - Association of German Electrical Engineers. In 1887 he contributed to the founding of the Physical-Technical Reichsanstalt. Werner von Siemens dedicated his extensive life's work to the scientific foundation of electrical engineering. By 1890, the Siemens Group had 6,000 employees. In addition, he was committed to the technical development of everyday life and to promoting the economy. As an entrepreneur, he also had social responsibility. For example, he founded the "Siemens Pension Fund" to provide for the retirement of his employees. Particularly in the social area, Siemens introduced social policy measures such as the nine-hour day, which were groundbreaking. He wanted to bind his employees to the company. - After school, Bahlsen completed commercial training in Geneva. From 1879 he worked as an entrepreneur in various business areas in Hanover. Bahlsen's business activities also took him to London, where he learned a specific recipe for the typical English sweet pastry called "cakes", which he brought back to Germany. In 1888, Bahlsen initially joined a biscuit factory in Hanover as a partner. But just a year later, in 1889, he founded his own company there: the "Hannoversche Cakesfabrik H. Bahlsen". The small bakery initially had ten employees. By 1893 the number of employees had already risen to around 100. Bahlsen now also began producing the legendary "Leibniz Cake". The resourceful entrepreneur promoted what later became the most famous biscuit in the world with a short quote from the philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, after whom the product was named.
This unusual advertising method quickly promoted the spread of the biscuit. Another typical feature of Bahlsen products to this day is their special packaging, which guarantees the freshness of the product even when stored for a long time. Bahlsen patented the packaging in 1903. Bahlsen's company logo was also created shortly after the turn of the century, for which the entrepreneur sought advice from an Egyptologist: Bahlsen designed it from the hieroglyph for the word "TET", which stands for eternity and durability. Since then, the logo has symbolized the company's claim to produce a product that can be used in the long term. From 1905 onwards, Bahlsen biscuits were produced using streamlined methods, which also included the assembly line system.
Hermann Bahlsen died on November 6, 1919 in Hanover. His eldest son Hans Bahlsen and especially the second eldest son Werner Bahlsen later took over management of the company. - Ernst August Duke of Cumberland was born on 21 September 1845 in Hannover, Germany. He was married to Prinsesse Thyra. He died on 14 November 1923 in Gmunden, Germany.
- Max Devrient was born on 12 December 1857 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Meriota, die Tänzerin (1922), Die Totenhand (1921) and Die Spur im Dunkeln (1921). He was married to Babette Devrient. He died on 14 June 1929 in Chur, Graubünden, Switzerland.
- Babette Devrient was born on 30 September 1863 in Hannover, Kingdom of Hanover. She was an actress, known for Springtime in Vienna (1936), Ssanin (1924) and Thank You, Madame (1936). She was married to Max Devrient. She died on 13 June 1940 in Vienna, Austria.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
Willy Grunwald was born on 12 February 1870 in Hannover, Germany. He was a director and actor, known for Die Vase der Semirames (1918), Nach dem Gesetz (1919) and Frau Lenes Scheidung (1917). He died on 8 May 1945 in Berlin, Germany.- Ernst Benzinger was born on 1 March 1867 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Eugen Onegin (1919), Suchomlinow (1918) and Die Rose von Dschiandur (1918). He died on 29 January 1946 in Berlin, Wilmersdorf, Germany.
- Cinematographer
- Director
- Writer
Wilfried Basse was born on 17 August 1899 in Hannover, Germany. He was a cinematographer and director, known for Deutschland zwischen gestern und heute (1933) and Es liegt an Dir! (1948). He was married to Gertrud. He died on 6 June 1946 in Berlin, Germany.- Cinematographer
- Director
- Camera and Electrical Department
Theodor Sparkuhl was born on 7 October 1894 in Hannover, Germany. He was a cinematographer and director, known for Der Henker (1928), College Scandal (1935) and No More Women (1934). He was married to Helen Shahwan. He died on 13 June 1946 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Alfred Hugenberg was born on 19 June 1865 in Hannover, Germany. He was a producer, known for Un mauvais garçon (1936) and Deutschland erwacht - Ein Dokument von der Wiedergeburt Deutschlands (1933). He was married to Gertrud Adickes. He died on 12 March 1951 in Kükenbruch, Lower Saxony, West Germany.
- Additional Crew
Karl Jacob Hirsch was born on 13 November 1892 in Hannover, Germany. He is known for Judith Trachtenberg (1920). He was married to Ruth Niemann, Helen Frischen and Auguste Lotz. He died on 8 July 1952 in Munich, Germany.- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Fritz Kirchhoff was born on 10 December 1901 in Hannover, Germany. He was a director and producer, known for Verführte Hände (1949), My Friend Barbara (1937) and Maja zwischen zwei Ehen (1938). He died on 25 June 1953 in Hamburg, Germany.- Fritz Odemar was born on 13 January 1890 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for M (1931), The Hound of the Baskervilles (1937) and 1914, die letzten Tage vor dem Weltbrand (1931). He was married to Erika Nymgau-Odemar. He died on 6 June 1955 in Munich, Germany.
- Henry Pleß was born on 4 May 1885 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Tannenberg (1932), The Testament of Dr. Mabuse (1933) and The Gala Performance (1932). He died on 3 October 1955 in Berlin, West Germany.
- Lucie Höflich was born on 20 February 1883 in Hannover, Germany. She was an actress, known for Anastasia: The Czar's Last Daughter (1956), Tartuffe (1925) and Sky Without Stars (1955). She was married to Georg Anton Mayer and Emil Jannings. She died on 9 October 1956 in Berlin, Germany.
- Johanna Klemperer was born on 28 May 1888 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. She was an actress, known for Ludwig der Zweite, König von Bayern (1930). She was married to Otto Klemperer. She died on 3 November 1956 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
- Egon Petri was born on 23 March 1881 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He died on 27 May 1962 in Berkeley, California, USA.
- Klaus Kammer was born on 10 January 1929 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Clavigo (1964), In der Strafkolonie (1963) and The Girl from Flanders (1956). He was married to Hilde Röhling. He died on 9 May 1964 in West Berlin, West Germany.
- Actress
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Liselotte Malkowsky was a German-Danish singer in the class of 'Zarah Leander', Lale Andersen and Édith Piaf. She was in the German-Austrian underground against the Nazis in WWII. Right after the war, she worked for the USO in West-Germany as a singer and recorded many records for Polydor. Some of her songs in German are: "Aloha Oe", "Chanson des adieux", "La Seine", "Auf der Reperbahn Nachts um Halb eins", "La Paloma" and so many more.- Cinematographer
- Actor
Karl Hasselmann was born on 8 May 1883 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was a cinematographer and actor, known for Donaumelodien (1936), Schlagende Wetter (1923) and Frau im Strom (1939). He died on 8 June 1966 in Berlin, Germany.- Costume Designer
Ludwig Sievert was born on 17 May 1887 in Hannover, Germany. He was a costume designer, known for Frauen sind doch bessere Diplomaten (1941). He was married to Hildegard Sand and Ilse Hahn. He died on 11 December 1966 in Munich, Germany.- Hanns Lothar was born on 10 April 1929 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for One, Two, Three (1961), The Buddenbrooks (1959) and The Buddenbrooks (1959). He was married to Wiemer, Gabriele, Ingrid Andree and Kari Noller. He died on 11 March 1967 in Hamburg, West Germany.
- Cinematographer
Harry Fischbeck was born on 3 June 1879 in Hannover, Germany. He was a cinematographer, known for Television Spy (1939), Bulldog Drummond's Peril (1938) and Two Fisted (1935). He died on 28 May 1968 in Palm Springs, California, USA.- Hugo Meyer-Welfing was born on 25 March 1905 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Don Juan (1955). He died on 2 November 1969 in Vienna, Austria.
- Additional Crew
- Actor
Rudolf Kölling was born on 9 February 1904 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was an actor, known for Hallo Janine (1939), Bel Ami (1939) and Der Kleinstadtpoet (1940). He was married to Daisy Spies and Ingeborg Keller-Kölling. He died on 5 May 1970 in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.- Esther Carena was born on 24 August 1898 in Hannover, Germany. She was an actress, known for Die Hochzeit im Excentricclub (1917), Die Peitsche (1916) and Das amerikanische Duell (1918). She died on 26 January 1972 in Hamburg, Germany.
- Mary Wigman was born on 13 November 1886 in Hannover, Germany. She was an actress, known for Der Tanz um die Tänzerin (1919), Wege zu Kraft und Schönheit - Ein Film über moderne Körperkultur (1925) and Das Profil (1962). She died on 19 September 1973 in Berlin, Germany.
- Heinz Ulrich was born on 10 February 1917 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Trauer muß Elektra tragen (1970), Ein Mann namens Harry Brent (1968) and Tatort (1970). He died on 26 November 1973 in Germany.
- Otto Krone was born on 14 July 1898 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for The Wedding Journey (1939), Die Liebe siegt (1934) and The Private's Job (1937). He was married to Klara Margarethe Charlotte Firmes and Michaeline Reichert. He died on 19 March 1974 in West Berlin, West Germany.
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
- Director
- Art Director
Eberhard Schröder was born on 18 November 1933 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was an assistant director and director, known for Massage Parlor '73 (1972), Madame and Her Niece (1969) and Hausfrauen-Report (1971). He died on 1 April 1974 in Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.- Arendt spent her childhood and youth in her Jewish parents' home with social democratic attitudes. After school she began studying theology and philosophy at the universities of Marburg, Freiburg im Breisgau and Heidelberg. She was a student of, among others, Martin Heidegger, Karl Jaspers and Edmund Husserl. In 1928 she completed her studies with a doctorate. Phil off. Her dissertation is entitled "Augustin's concept of love". Her doctoral supervisor was Karl Jaspers, with whom she maintained a friendly relationship throughout her life. In 1929 she moved to Berlin. There she married the philosopher Günther Anders in the same year. During this time she worked on German Romanticism. The research was completed in 1933 and she summarized the results under the title "Rahel Varnhagen. Life story of a German Jew from the Romantic period". The book was only published in 1959. It is a successful biography about the wife of the writer Karl August Varhagen von Ense.
Rahel Varnhagen had a great influence on contemporary literary life through her famous salon, in which Adalbert von Chamisso, Heinrich Heine, Wilhelm von Humboldt and the philosopher and theologian Friedrich Ernst David Schleiermacher frequented. The research for this biography introduced Hannah Arendt to the conditions of social adaptation for Jews. She further developed her findings into existential philosophical views. In 1933, the year the National Socialists came to power, Hannah Arendt was briefly arrested by the Gestapo (Secret State Police). She then emigrated to Paris via Switzerland. There she worked as a social worker at Jewish institutions. During this time she joined the "World Zionist Organization" initiative and met the philosophical writer Walter Benjamin, which resulted in a friendly relationship.
In 1935 she traveled to Palestine for the first time. Two years later her marriage ended in divorce. In 1940 she married the philosopher Heinrich Blücher. In the same year, 1940, she moved to the USA. There she worked as a journalist and wrote political articles for the German-Jewish weekly newspaper "Aufbau". From 1944 to 1946 she held the position of research director at the Conference on Jewish Relations. She then worked as an editor at Salman Schocken Verlag for three years. From 1948 to 1952 she was the head of the Jewish Cultural Reconstruction Organization, whose mission was to preserve Jewish cultural assets. In the two years 1949 and 1950 she visited Germany for the first time after the end of the war. In 1951 Hannah Arendt became an American citizen.
In the same year her major work "Origins of Totalitarianisme" was published. The treatise was published in Germany in 1955 under the title "Elements and Origins of Total Domination". In her studies of the conditions of totalitarianism in the 19th century, she linked these to the emergence of anti-Semitism and made comparisons between fascism and Stalinism. With this work she made a name for herself as a respected researcher on social and political science topics. In 1953 she accepted an appointment at Brooklyn College in New York. Hannah Arendt became a corresponding member of the German Academy for Language and Poetry in 1958. The following year she was honored by the city of Hamburg with the Lessing Prize. In 1960 her study "Vita activa or active life" was published. In her theory of action presented therein, she names work, production and action as three types of human activity.
In 1961 she reported on the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem for the New Yorker magazine. Her articles sparked controversial discussions because of her critical comments on the behavior of the Jewish councils and the portrayal of Adolf Eichmann. Arendt compiled these journalistic contributions into a book entitled "Eichmann in Jerusalem. A report on the banality of evil." The work was published in 1963, as was the title "On the Revolution", which is about the destruction of political rule. In 1963, Hannah Arendt accepted an appointment at the University of Chicago. In 1966 she met the writer Uwe Johnson. The following year she moved to the New School for Social Research in New York. In 1968 she headed the Institute of Arts and Letters as vice president. Two years later her work was edited with the title "Power and Violence". Hannah Arendt joined the board of the American PEN Center in 1973.
Hannah Arendt died on December 4, 1975 in New York. - Writer
- Director
- Actress
Irma von Cube was born on 26 December 1899 in Hannover, Germany. She was a writer and director, known for Johnny Belinda (1948), Under Secret Orders (1937) and Street of Shadows (1937). She was married to Erwin Kalser. She died on 25 July 1977 in Hollywood, California, USA.- Composer
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Hans-Otto Borgmann was born on 20 October 1901 in Hannover, Germany. He was a composer, known for A Certain Mr. Gran (1933), I.F.1 ne répond plus (1933) and F.P.1 Doesn't Answer (1932). He died on 26 July 1977 in Berlin, Germany.- Director
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
- Writer
Rudolf Jugert was born on 30 September 1907 in Hannover, Germany. He was a director and assistant director, known for The Mistress (1952), Film Without a Name (1948) and Die feuerrote Baronesse (1959). He died on 14 April 1979 in Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.- Set Decorator
- Production Designer
- Art Director
Sigfrido Burmann was born on 11 November 1891 in Hannover, Germany. Sigfrido was a set decorator and production designer, known for A Fistful of Dollars (1964), Face of Terror (1962) and El rayo desintegrador (1966). Sigfrido died on 22 July 1980 in Madrid, Spain.- Gerhard Graf von Scherwin was a German army general during World War II who, as commander of the 116th Panzer Division, was assigned, near the end of the war, to defend the German city of Aachen against approaching American forces. His unit had been badly mauled and was reduced to approximately 600 men, with only 12 tanks and no artillery; those forces didn't stand much of a chance against the better armed, better equipped and more experienced American 3rd Armored Division, considering that many of his troops were old men drafted into the Volkssturm ("Home Guard"), raw recruits barely out of basic training, boys as young as 14 and wounded soldiers taken from the hospitals and sent to the front lines. German leader Adolf Hitler had issued orders that the city was to be defended "to the last man"; Schwerin knew that would mean the destruction of the city, which was known throughout Europe for the beauty of its old cathedrals, castles, bridges, and other historical structures, and he didn't want to see the city destroyed in fighting as he had seen happen to other German cities. So, on his own volition, he secretly arranged for a telegram to be sent to the commander of the approaching American forces, offering to withdraw his unit from the city and surrender it without a fight. When he discovered that the Americans didn't have any plans for an imminent attack but had stopped to regroup, resupply and rest after a long and brutal campaign, he attempted to retrieve the telegram but it had already been sent and fallen into the hands of Nazi party officials, who had in turn notified Hitler of Schwerin's action. Infuriated, Hitler ordered him arrested and tried for treason, which would have resulted in his execution. However, Schwerin had influential friends in the German leadership, resulting in his being transferred to the Italian front instead of being court-martialed for treason--in fact, he was soon promoted from Lt. Gen. to full General.
He was captured by British forces in Italy on April 26, 1945; he was released in 1947. He returned to Germany, and in 1950 he was appointed as an advisor on military and security matters to German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. He was also appointed head of a quasi-secret government agency, the Dienstelle, that was tasked to prepare for the re-armament of Germany and the re-institution of a new German army. However, in an interview with some newspaper reporters he began to talk about his new position, which few outside the government knew about, and the resulting furor cost him his job. He subsequently joined the liberal Free Democratic Party of Germany and became its advisor on military and security matters.
He died at his home in Bavaria on October 29, 1980. - Music Department
Dick Katz was born on 19 July 1916 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. Dick is known for Miss Peach of the Kelly School (1982). Dick died on 30 March 1981 in London, England, UK.- Actor
- Soundtrack
Herbert Mensching was born on 11 January 1928 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Mord im Pfarrhaus (1970), Die Bilder laufen (1972) and Der Stoff aus dem die Träume sind (1972). He died on 28 September 1981 in Hamburg, West Germany.- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Dieter Borsche was born on 25 October 1909 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Die große Versuchung (1952), Fanfaren der Liebe (1951) and No Greater Love (1952). He was married to Ursula Willick, Monika Drum and Ursula Poser. He died on 5 August 1982 in Nuremberg, Bavaria, West Germany.- Walter Tappe was born on 26 January 1902 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Group Portrait with a Lady (1977), In Sachen Erzberger gegen Helfferich (1967) and Erotik auf der Schulbank (1968). He died on 29 December 1982 in Berlin, Germany.
- Willi Schatz was born on 1 February 1905 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He died on 17 February 1985 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany.
- Director
- Writer
- Actor
Karl-Heinz Stroux was born on 25 February 1908 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was a director and writer, known for Begegnung mit Werther (1949), Der große Mandarin (1949) and Morgen werde ich verhaftet (1939). He was married to Eva-Maria. He died on 2 August 1985 in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany.- Werner Jörg Lüddecke was born on 10 June 1912 in Hannover, Germany. He was a writer and actor, known for The Devil Strikes at Night (1957), The Plot to Assassinate Hitler (1955) and The Tiger of Eschnapur (1959). He died on 10 May 1986 in Ascona, Switzerland.
- Marcel Werner was born on 13 March 1952 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. He was an actor, known for Michael Kramer (1984), Etwas wird sichtbar (1981) and Tatort (1970). He died on 10 June 1986 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany.
- Otto Stübler was born on 13 November 1901 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Mazurka der Liebe (1957), Gejagt bis zum Morgen (1957) and Tempel des Satans (1962). He died on 24 June 1986 in Leipzig, East Germany.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Ernst Wendt was born on 12 July 1937 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Dona Rosita oder Die Sprache der Blumen (1978), Tatort (1970) and Zeichen und Wunder (1982). He died on 12 August 1986 in Munich, Germany.- Georg Wieter was born on 10 March 1896 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Fidelio (1956), Wie lernt man Liebe? (1967) and Die Kluge - Die Geschichte von dem König und der klugen Frau (1955). He died on 20 March 1988 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
- Actor
- Location Management
- Art Department
Paavo Hukkinen was born on 27 October 1911 in Hannover, Germany. He was an actor, known for Moonwolf (1959), Sodan ja rauhan miehet (1978) and Tulipunainen kyyhkynen (1961). He was married to Ann-Mari Spjut and Anna-Liisa Hukkinen. He died on 7 June 1988 in Helsinki, Finland.- Gerda Ital was born on 7 July 1904 in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. She was a writer, known for Reise in die Vergangenheit (1943) and Die Affäre Roedern (1944). She died on 21 July 1988 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.