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- Leon Czolgosz was an American anarchist of Polish extraction who shot President William McKinley while the president was attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York in September 1901.
Born in Michigan in May 1873, the 28-year-old Czolgosz was the son of ethnic Polish immigrants from Prussia. He arrived in Buffalo on August 31, 1901 and stalked the president once he arrived at the exposition. He bought a pistol on September 2nd and on September 6th, joined a receiving line at the Temple of Music whose members moved forward to shake hands with the president. The meet-and-greet was only expected to last was 10 minutes, but that was enough to change history.
The assassin had secreted his pistol wrapped in a handkerchief inside his pocket. When he made it to the head of the line and McKinley extended his hand, Czolgosz swatted it away and twice pulled the trigger of his weapon, shooting McKinley in the stomach. The two bullets fired at point-blank range staggered the president, but did not immediately kill him. (He lived on for a week and a day, expiring on the 14th.)
The crowd in the Temple of Music seized Czolgosz and beat him to the point of death before soldiers and police intervened. The near-dead Czolgosz was jailed and stood trial on September 23rd, nine days after McKinley died of his wounds. Czolgosz had been deeply influenced by the anarchists Alexander Berkman (himself the would-be assassin of Henry Clay Frick) and Emma Goldman, whom he had seen give a public speech and subsequently met.
Czolgosz's meeting with Goldman occurred the very same year he killed McKinley, and she was arrested as part of a possible conspiracy but was released for lack of evidence. It was apparent Czolgosz acted alone. Goldman tried to rally support for the assassin, comparing him in print to Brutus who had slain Julius Caesar, but many anarchists shunned Czolgosz, as he had brought opprobrium onto the movement. Theodore Roosevelt, the new president, had declared, "When compared with the suppression of anarchy, every other question sinks into insignificance.
At his arraignment, Czolgosz pleaded guilty, which is not allowed in a capital trial, and the judge changed his plea to "not guilty". His lawyers wanted to go with an insanity defense such as used for Charles J. Guiteau, the assassin of President James Garfield, but a defiant Czolgosz refused to cooperate with them as, to him, they were symbols of the authority he hated and had struck out against in the Temple of Music. He clearly wanted to be martyred, and he was, convicted after a two day trial when the jury came back with a guilty verdict after one hour. He was executed in the electric chair at Auburn State Prison (Auburn, New York) on October 29, 1901, 53 days after he shot and fatally wounded President McKinley. - William Rufus Shafter was born on 16 October 1835 in Galesburg, Michigan, USA. He was married to Harriet Grimes. He died on 12 November 1906.
- Bronson Howard was born on 7 October 1842 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was a writer, known for The Saphead (1920), Aristocracy (1914) and One of Our Girls (1914). He was married to Alice Culverwell. He died on 4 August 1908 in Avon-by-the-Sea, New Jersey, USA.
- Stanley Ketchel was born on 14 September 1886 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. He died on 15 October 1910 in Conway, Missouri, USA.
- Hawley Harvey Crippen was born on 11 September 1862 in Coldwater, Michigan, USA. He died on 23 November 1910 in HMP Pentonville, London, England, UK.
- Phillip Orin Parmelee was born on 8 March 1887 in Matherton, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for A Dash Through the Clouds (1912). He died on 1 June 1912 in North Yakima, Washington, USA.
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Hughie Cannon was born on 9 April 1877 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He is known for The Conversation (1974), Miss Congeniality (2000) and The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008). He was married to Emma Dorson. He died on 17 June 1912 in Toledo, Ohio, USA.- Writer
- Actress
Harriet Quimby was born in Arcadia, Michigan. She was an actress, model, magazine writer, screenwriter, and the first woman to ever cross the English Channel in 1912. She also was the first woman who gained a pilot license issued by "Aero Club of America" in 1911. Harriet Quimby had a great impact on the roles of women in aviation even she got the age of 37.
In the early 1900s, her family moved to San Francisco, California. Harriet Quimby became journalist with the San Francisco Bulletin in 1900, as well as doing freelance articles for the popular "Leslies Weekly" magazine. In 1903 then she migrated to New York for work with "Leslies Weekly" magazine as "Theatre Critic" This news magazine published her 250 articles over a period of nine years. In 1910, she became interested in Aviation and participated in the "Belmont Park" (An International Aviation Tournament on Long Island, New York), where she met John Moisant, who was not only a well known aviator but owned a flying school.
Through John, she took her pilot test in 1st August, 1911 and became the first woman of United States to get certificate of pilot. At the same year she wrote five screenplays for the Biograph Company. All of her screenplays directed by her friend from San Francisco theatre days, D.W. Griffith.
On July, 1912 Harriet Quimby was flying her new two seats Bleriot monoplane in "Third Annual Boston Aviation" accompanied by William Willard (Organizer of event). Suddenly plane was pitched forward. Willard was ejected first, then Harriet, both falling to their deaths. She was buried in the "Woodlawn Cemetery' in The Bronx, New York.
In later years Harriet Quimby was recognized for her achievements on a U. S. postage stamp, as well as a biographical book by historian and author Giacinta Bradley Koontz, and recently a film about Harriet's life is in development by the 'American Mutoscope and Biograph Co.' starring DonnaMarie Recco ('Analyze This (1999)', 'Analyze That (2002)', 'Auto Focus (2002)', and produced by Thomas R. Bond II. (Biograph) the same film company Quimby worked for over 100 years ago.- Will Carleton was born on 21 October 1845 in Lenawee County, Hudson, Michigan, USA. He was a writer, known for Over the Hill to the Poorhouse (1920), Over the Hill (1931) and Jeo eondeokeul neomeoseo (1960). He died on 18 December 1912 in Brooklyn, New York, USA.
- Robert Henry Hall was born on 15 November 1837 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He died on 29 December 1914 in Chicago Heights, Illinois, USA.
- George Elwell was born on 21 April 1893 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Raiders (1916). He died on 3 November 1916 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Riley Chamberlin was born on 7 November 1854 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for His Winning Way (1914), The Star of Bethlehem (1912) and Mr. Cinderella (1914). He died on 24 January 1917 in New Rochelle, New York, USA.
- Loyd Wheaton was born on 15 July 1838 in Pennfield, Michigan, USA. He died on 17 September 1918.
- O.V. MacDiarmid was born on 4 January 1894 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Double Crossing of Slim (1915), The Noon Hour (1915) and Queen of the Band (1915). He died on 20 October 1918 in California, USA.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
Walter Edwards was born on 8 January 1870 in Michigan, USA. He was a director and actor, known for The Power of the Street (1915), Who Cares? (1919) and A Girl Named Mary (1919). He died on 12 April 1920 in Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii, USA.- George Gipp was born on 18 February 1895 in Laurium, Michigan, USA. He died on 14 December 1920 in South Bend, Indiana, USA.
- Richard Foster Baker was born on 25 January 1857 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was a director and actor, known for The Little Girl Next Door (1916), A Bunch of Keys (1915) and Kidder and Ko (1918). He died on 21 February 1921 in Chicago, Illinois, USA.
- Frank Mills was born on 24 January 1868 in Kendall, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Story of the Kelly Gang (1906), The Unchastened Woman (1918) and The House of Mirrors (1916). He was married to Helen McBeth. He died on 11 June 1921 in Galesburg, Michigan, USA.
- Howard Hall was born on 30 May 1867 in Decatur, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Barrier (1917), According to Law (1916) and The Weavers of Life (1917). He was married to Carrie Viola Vanderhoof. He died on 25 July 1921 in Long Beach, California, USA.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
A longtime and respected stage actor, Van Dyke Brooke went into the film business in 1909. A prolific actor, writer and director for Vitagraph, he stayed with the company until 1916, when the studio cleaned house and fired many of its "old-timers". He stayed in the business as an actor until his death in 1921.- Albert T. Gillespie was born on 21 August 1888 in Hancock, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Skirts (1921), The Village Blacksmith (1916) and Villa of the Movies (1917). He died on 13 May 1922 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Frederic S. Isham was born on 29 March 1865 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was a writer, known for Nothing But the Truth (1941), The Social Buccaneer (1923) and Nothing But the Truth (1929). He was married to Helen M. Frue. He died on 6 September 1922 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Burton Green was born on 21 April 1875 in Stanton, Michigan, USA. He was married to Irene Franklin, Marguerite E. Clement and Helen Green-Van Campen. He died on 17 November 1922 in Mount Vernon, New York, USA.
- Frank D. Baldwin was born on 26 June 1842 in Manchester, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Indian Wars (1914) and The Adventures of Buffalo Bill (1917). He died on 22 April 1923 in Denver, Colorado, USA.
- Actor
- Additional Crew
A.S. Stecker was born on 10 July 1892 in Hancock, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for A Monkey Hero (1921), Between Man and Beast (1917) and Terrors of the Jungle (1913). He was married to Ethel Leona Spurgin. He died on 18 June 1924 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Ernie Ansterburg was born on 1 October 1891 in Concord, Michigan, USA. He died on 16 October 1924 in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
- Jane Connelly was born on 2 May 1883 in Port Huron, Michigan, USA. She was an actress, known for The Man from Beyond (1922). She was married to Erwin Connelly. She died on 25 October 1925 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Writer
- Producer
- Additional Crew
James Oliver Curwood was born on 12 June 1878 in Owosso, Michigan, USA. He was a writer and producer, known for Code of the Mounted (1935), Back to God's Country (1919) and Valley of Terror (1937). He was married to Ethel Greenwood and Cora Leon Johnson. He died on 13 August 1927 in Owosso, Michigan, USA.- Rex Cherryman was born on 30 October 1896 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Camille (1921), In for Thirty Days (1919) and Madame Peacock (1920). He was married to Esther Lamb. He died on 10 August 1928 in Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, France.
- Frederick Truesdell was born on 20 May 1870 in Coldwater, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Alias Jimmy Valentine (1915), My Own United States (1918) and Camille (1915). He was married to Jeanne Margaret Fournier and Ethel Dovey. He died on 9 May 1929 in Quincy, Michigan, USA.
- Lynn Pratt was born on 18 January 1866 in Sylvan Center, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for A Virgin Paradise (1921). He died on 9 January 1930 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Belle Chamberlin was born in 1873 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. She was an actress, known for The Henpecked Hod Carrier (1913). She was married to William C. Ellsler. She died on 12 October 1930 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Samuel N. Niblack was born on 28 February 1873 in Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Kidnapped (1917), The Five Faults of Flo (1916) and Divorce and the Daughter (1916). He died on 20 December 1930 in New York, New York, USA.
- Morgan Niblack was born on 28 February 1873 in Adrian, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Zudora (1914), Mercy on a Crutch (1915) and His I.O.U. (1915). He was married to Mary Susan Conine. He died on 20 December 1930 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Mabel Fenton was born on 29 March 1868 in Lawrence, Michigan, USA. She was an actress, known for Death of Nancy Sykes (1897) and How Molly Malone Made Good (1915). She was married to Charles J. Ross. She died on 19 April 1931 in Hollywood, California, USA.
- Nellie Richards was born in 1852 in Hudson, Lenawee County, Michigan, USA. She was an actress, known for Abide with Me (1928). She was married to Charles Campbell Duncan Don, Thomas Pynes and John James Geddes. She died on 20 March 1932 in Shaftesbury Avenue, West End, London, England, UK.
- Actress
- Director
- Writer
Lule Warrenton was born on 22 June 1862 in Flint, Michigan, USA. She was an actress and director, known for The College Orphan (1915), Drugged Waters (1916) and Samson (1914). She died on 14 May 1932 in Laguna Beach, California, USA.- Jefferson Osborne was born on 25 September 1872 in Bay City, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Last Egyptian (1914), The Great Radium Mystery (1919) and Homespun Folks (1920). He died on 11 June 1932 in Hondo, California, USA.
- Director
- Actor
- Producer
David Hartford was born on 11 January 1873 in Ontonian, Michigan, USA. He was a director and actor, known for Then Came the Woman (1926), The Golden Snare (1921) and Jack O'Hearts (1926). He died on 30 October 1932 in Hollywood, California, USA.- Will Levington Comfort was born on 17 January 1878 in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. Will Levington was a writer, known for Somewhere in Sonora (1933), Somewhere in Sonora (1927) and The Angel of Contention (1914). Will Levington was married to Adith Duffie-Mulholland. Will Levington died on 2 November 1932 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Lon Haschal was born on 17 September 1871 in Michigan. He was an actor, known for One on the Aisle (1930). He died on 13 December 1932 in Fair Haven, New Jersey, USA.
- Albert Perry was born in 1869 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for Her Excellency, the Governor (1917). He died on 6 May 1933 in St. George, Staten Island, New York, USA.
- Kalla Pasha was born on 5 March 1879 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for West of Zanzibar (1928), The Dictator (1922) and A Small Town Idol (1921). He died on 10 June 1933 in Talmage, California, USA.
- William Wallace Cook was born on 11 April 1867 in Marshall, Michigan, USA. He was a writer, known for The Man Who Played Square (1924), Red Signals (1927) and '49-'17 (1917). He was married to Mary Ackley and Anna Gertrude Slater. He died on 20 July 1933 in Marshall, Michigan, USA.
- Writer
- Actor
- Soundtrack
Ring Lardner was born on 6 March 1885 in Niles, Michigan, USA. He was a writer and actor, known for The New Klondike (1926), The Cowboy Quarterback (1939) and Fast Company (1929). He was married to Ellis Abbott. He died on 27 September 1933 in Easthampton, Long Island, New York, USA.- Michael Dark was born on 26 February 1882 in Metamora, Michigan, USA. He was an actor, known for The Count of Luxembourg (1926), Main Street (1923) and A Regular Fellow (1925). He died on 24 January 1934 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Otis C. Freeman was born on 27 October 1897 in Wyoming, Michigan. He was a writer, known for Men Without Women (1930). He died on 13 February 1934 in Marina Del Rey, California, USA.
- Albert Karnatz was born on 9 February 1905 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He died on 15 July 1934 in Detroit, Michigan, USA.
- Writer
- Director
- Producer
Like many pioneers, the work of 'Winsor McCay' has been largely superseded by successors such as Walt Disney and Max Fleischer but he more than earns a place in film history for being the American cinema's first great cartoon animator. He started out as a newspaper cartoonist, achieving a national reputation for his strips 'Little Nemo in Slumberland' and 'Dreams of a Rarebit Fiend'. Inspired by his son's flick-books, he spent four years and produced four thousand individual drawings in making his first animated cartoon 'Little Nemo', completing it in 1911. But his biggest cartoon success was 'Gertie the Dinosaur' (1913), which was the centrepiece of a vaudeville act in which the live McCay would interact with his cartoon character. For this, he single-handedly produced ten thousand individual drawings, laboriously re-drawing the background every time. It is often wrongly cited as the first animated cartoon, but it was certainly the first successful one, and influenced dozens of imitators. His 1918 production 'The Sinking of the Lusitania' was even more ambitious: comprising 25,000 drawings, it was the first feature-length American cartoon, and the second one made anywhere. He retired from film-making in the 1920s, but would subsequently describe himself as "the creator of animated cartoons". This honour, strictly speaking, belongs to the Frenchman Emile Cohl - but McCay was certainly the first to bring them to a wide audience.- Lucille Young was born in Lansing, Ingham, Michigan, a year after her brother. Her parents' marriage was a difficult and short-lived one. Her mother married a second time and Lucille gained a 1/2 sister, Ethel Terry, b 1888 (also an actor and "classical fancy dancer", as described in her entry in the Motion Pictures Studio Directories, (1919))
In 1905, Lucille and her 1/2 sister, Ethel Terry, hit the vaudeville circuit in Detroit. They're found working as shop girls by day and performing at night; one production noted in the Detroit Free Press was the "Isles of Spice". She's mentioned as a player in the vaudeville giant, Vaughan Glaser Company (Cleveland), in 1907.
Sometime around 1909 she made her way to New York, her film biography details her early film work there with The Thanhouser Company.
By 1914, she's found with living with her mother, Katherine B Terry and 1/2 sister, Ethel, also a "photo player" in in Los Angeles. Her film bio reflects a tremendous amount of work between 1915-17, some with major names of the times, Lillian Gish and DW Griffith, among others.
In 1918, she married an attorney, Lieutenant Hale Day in San Diego. A few months after the marriage, he went to the war front in Europe, she went back to making movies. The marriage produced no children and like her mothers', was relatively short-lived.
Around the mid-1920's her film career was winding down, Lucille, her mother and 1/2 sister lived together in Los Angeles until her untimely death on 1 Aug 1934. According to her death notice in the Los Angeles Times, her funeral service was held on 3 Aug 1934 at the Hollywood Cemetery Chapel. Per her death record, her remains were cremated.