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1-50 of 1,464
- Agustín Moreto was born on 9 April 1618 in Madrid, Spain. He was a writer, known for Less Is More (2000), Estudio 1 (1965) and Teatro de siempre (1966). He died on 28 October 1669 in Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
- Fisher Ames was born on 9 April 1758 in Dedham, Massachusetts, USA. Fisher died on 4 July 1808 in Dedham, Suffolk County [now Norfolk County], Massachusetts, USA.
- Adolf Bäuerle was born on 9 April 1786 in Vienna, Austria. Adolf was a writer, known for Die falsche Primadonna (1961) and Die lustigen Klassiker (1972). Adolf died on 19 September 1859 in Basel, Switzerland.
- Mary Ann Mantell was born on 9 April 1795 in Paddington, London, England, UK. She was married to Gideon Mantell. She died on 20 October 1869 in London, England, UK.
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Elias Lönnrot was born on 9 April 1802 in Sammatti, Finland. Elias was a writer, known for V. Y. Vihdoinkin yhdessä (1986), The Christmas Party (1996) and The Final Arrangement (1987). Elias was married to Maria Lönnrot. Elias died on 19 March 1884 in Sammatti, Finland.- Writer
- Music Department
- Additional Crew
Charles Baudelaire was a 19th century French poet, translator, and literary/art critic. At his birth, Baudelaire's mother, Caroline Archimbaut-Dufays, was 28; his father Francois Baudelaire was 61. Charles' father instilled in him an appreciation for art, taking his young son to museums and galleries, and teaching him to paint. When Charles was six, his father died and Charles became very attached to his mother, but when she remarried, he was sent to boarding school. The school was ruled by military discipline which caused much of Baudelaire's solitude and fits of crushing melancholy. Baudelaire resented the strictures of his life and was, in turn, difficult and rebellious. He frequently fought with students and teachers. He began to write poems, which were not well received by his masters, who felt them examples of precocious depravity, unsuitable for his age. He eventually attended the College Louis-le-Grand, but was expelled in April 1839.
In an attempt to draw him away from the company he was keeping, Baudelaire's stepfather sent him on a voyage to India in 1841. Baudelaire jumped ship and eventually made his way back to France in February of 1842. On his 21st birthday, Baudelaire received his father's inheritance, but his lavish and extravagant lifestyle (including use of hashish and opium) dwindled his fortune. He fell prey to cheats and moneylenders, which led to heavy debt. He also contracted the venereal disease that eventually took his life. His parents obtained a court order to supervise his money and Charles received only a small allowance. In 1842, Charles met a Creole woman named Jeanne Duval, who became his mistress and dominated his life for the next 20 years. Jeanne would inspire Baudelaire's most anguished and sensual love poetry, provoking such masterpieces of the exotic-erotic imagination as "La Chevelure" ("The Head of Hair").
Baudelaire used his writing to shock and astonish society, likely because of his strict upbringing and strong opposition to authority. He often focused on the immoral and cynical. He felt that his ideas where very similar to those of Edgar Allen Poe, who focused on beauty, death, and the bizarre. Baudelaire began to translate volumes of Poe's work into French, and much of Poe's popularity in England and France is attributed to Baudelaire. In 1857, Baudelaire's most well-known work, "Les Fleurs Du Mal" ("The Flowers of Evil") was seized by French authorities and Baudelaire was forced to omit six poems and pay a fine; today, it stands as perhaps the most influential poetry collection published in Europe in the 19th century. He continued to publish "salon" studies and critical reviews of other artists, including Flaubert's "Madame Bovary". In 1860, he began publishing prose poetry, a poetic form unknown in France, and became renowned for his innovation in prose experiments.
Near the end of his life, Baudelaire's agonizing moods of isolation and despair, which he called his moods of "spleen," returned and became more frequent. In 1867, while in Belgium, Baudelaire developed hemiplegia and aphasia. He was brought back to Paris, where he died.- Director
- Cinematographer
- Producer
Eadweard Muybridge was born in Kingston upon Thames, England, to John and Susanna Muggeridge. At the age of 20 he immigrated to the United States as a bookseller, first to New York City, then to San Francisco. In 1860, he planned a return trip to Europe, but suffered serious head injuries en route in a stagecoach crash in Texas. He spent the next few years recuperating in Kingston upon Thames, where he took up professional photography, learned the wet-plate collodion process, and secured at least two British patents for his inventions. He returned to San Francisco in 1867, a man with a markedly changed personality. In 1868, he exhibited large photographs of Yosemite Valley, and began selling popular stereographs of his work. His great breakthrough came in 1872 when he was hired by wealthy American businessman and former California governor Leland Stanford, who later founded Stanford University. Stanford was interested in whether horses lifted all legs off the ground at once during trotting, and Muybridge was engaged to take photographs to settle the point. Although the experiment proved inconclusive at the time, Muybridge was re-engaged for further photographic studies in 1878. Using a battery of 12 cameras set side by side and a specially marked fence along the racetrack to pinpoint the horse's precise movements, Muybridge effectively created the first true study of motion. By January 1880 he invented zoopraxiscope to project his famous chronophotographic pictures in motion and thus prove that these were authentic. The projector used glass disks onto which Muybridge had an unidentified artist paint the sequences as silhouettes. Later, his more-detailed images were hand-coloured and marketed commercially. A device he developed was later regarded as an early movie projector, and the process was an intermediate stage toward motion pictures or cinematography. From 1883 to 1886, he entered a very productive period at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, producing over 100,000 images of animals and humans in motion. In his later years, Muybridge gave many public lectures and demonstrations of his photography and early motion picture sequences, travelling frequently in England and Europe to publicise his work in cities such as London and Paris. He also edited and published compilations of his work (some of which are still in print today), which greatly influenced visual artists and the developing fields of scientific and industrial photography. He retired to his native England permanently in 1894. In 1904, the year of his death, the Kingston Museum opened in his hometown, and continues to house a substantial collection of his works in a dedicated gallery.- Leopold II (French: Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor, Dutch: Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor; 9 April 1835 - 17 December 1909) was the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 and, through will and effort, the absentee owner and autocratic ruler of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908.
Born in Brussels as the second but eldest surviving son of Leopold I and Louise of Orléans, he succeeded his father to the Belgian throne in 1865 and reigned for exactly 44 years until his death, the longest reign of a Belgian monarch to date. He died without surviving legitimate sons. The current Belgian king descends from his nephew and successor, Albert I. - Music Department
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Francesco Paolo Tosti was born on 9 April 1846 in Ortona, Abruzzo, Italy. He was a writer, known for Because of Him (1946), The Great Caruso (1951) and Ritorna all'onda (1914). He died on 2 December 1916 in Rome, Lazio, Italy.- Alexandre Bisson was born on 9 April 1848 in Briouze, Orne, France. He was a writer, known for Madame X (1966), Madame X (1937) and Madame X (1929). He died on 27 January 1912 in Paris, France.
- August Cederborg was born on 9 April 1849 in Gryt, Sweden. He was a writer, known for Göingehövdingen (1953). He died on 3 February 1933 in Saltsjöbaden, Stockholms län, Sweden.
- Arthur Kraußneck was born on 9 April 1856 in Ballethen, Darkehmen, Province of Prussia, Prussia [now Sadovoye, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor, known for The Chronicles of the Gray House (1925), Mein Leopold (1924) and The Beautiful Blue Danube (1926). He died on 21 April 1941 in Berlin, Germany.
- Henri Lavedan was born on 9 April 1859 in Orléans, Loiret, France. He was a writer, known for Caterina (1921), Le duel (1941) and The Kiss of Judas (1908). He was married to Mathilde Auguez (actress). He died on 12 September 1940 in Écaquelon, Eure, France.
- Writer
- Director
- Actor
Teuvo Pakkala was born on 9 April 1862 in Oulu, Finland. He was a writer and director, known for Sotapolulla (1922), Tukkijoella (1951) and Tukkijoella (1928). He was married to Agnes Tervon. He died on 7 May 1925 in Kuopio, Finland.- Henry De Vere Stacpoole was born on 9 April 1863 in Kingstown, Ireland. Henry De Vere was a writer, known for The Blue Lagoon (1980), The Truth About Spring (1965) and Return to the Blue Lagoon (1991). Henry De Vere was married to Florence Robson and Margaret Robson. Henry De Vere died on 12 April 1951 in Shanklin, Isle of Wight, England, UK.
- Nikolai Chkheidze was born on 9 April 1864 in Puti, Kutais Governorate, Russian Empire [now Imereti, Republic of Georgia]. He died on 13 June 1926 in Leuville-sur-Orge, Seine-et-Oise [now Essonne], France.
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Lawrence Hope was born on 9 April 1865 in Stoke Bishop, Bristol, England, UK. He was a writer, known for Tolkien (2019), The Indian Love Lyrics (1923) and Less Than the Dust (1916). He died on 4 October 1904 in Teynampet, Chennai Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.- Erich Ludendorff was born on 9 April 1865 in Kruszewnia, Prussia, Germany [now Kruszewnia, Wielkopolskie, Poland]. He was a producer, known for Es soll ein Schwert durch Deine Seele dringen (1918), Mutual Weekly, No. 146 (1917) and Die dritte Generation (1972). He was married to Mathilde Friederike Karoline Spiess and Margarethe Charlotte Catharina Schmidt. He died on 20 December 1937 in Tutzing, Bavaria, Germany.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
L. Rogers Lytton was born on 9 April 1867 in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. He was an actor and director, known for The Third Degree (1919), The Fates and Flora Fourflush (1914) and A Regular Girl (1919). He died on 9 August 1924 in New York City, New York, USA.- Alex G. Hunter was born on 9 April 1867 in Dalry, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK. He was an actor, known for Becket (1923) and The Kensington Mystery (1924). He died on 1 March 1935 in Barnet, Middlesex, England, UK.
- Elie Cartan was born on 9 April 1869 in Chambéry, Savoie, France. He died on 6 May 1951 in Paris, France.
- Mildred Holland was born on 9 April 1869 in Chicago, Illinois, USA. She was an actress, known for The Power Behind the Throne (1912), Cliff Friend (1932) and Two Old Pals (1912). She was married to Francis Marion Holland and Edward C. White (theatrical manager). She died on 27 January 1944 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Albrecht Schmidt was born on 9 April 1870 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He was an actor, known for 5 raske piger (1933), Den hemmelige traktat (1913) and Livets Stormagter (1918). He was married to Else Albeck and Thora Meincke. He died on 5 March 1945.
- Johannes Jegerlehner was born on 9 April 1871 in Thun, Switzerland. He was a writer and producer, known for Petronella - Das Geheimnis der Berge (1927). He died on 17 March 1937 in Bern, Switzerland.
- Elizabeth Cloud-Miller was born on 9 April 1872 in Ra'anana, Palestine (present-day Israel). She was an actress, known for I Led 3 Lives (1953). She died on 16 September 1959 in Ilford, Essex, England, UK.
- Léon Blum was born on 9 April 1872 in Paris, France. He died on 30 March 1950 in Versailles, France.
- Dezsõ Paulique was born on 9 April 1873 in Alvinc, Hungary. He was a cinematographer, known for Göre Gábor bíró úr pesti kalandozásai (1914), Sárga liliom (1914) and Göre Gábor bíró úr kalandozásai Budapesten (1914). He died on 11 July 1925 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Miriam Bode Rasmus was born on 9 April 1874 in Portland, Oregon, USA. She was a writer, known for Her Life's Story (1914). She was married to William M. Rasmus. She died on 14 April 1964 in Alameda, California, USA.
- Music Department
Julius Bittner was born on 9 April 1874 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. He is known for Strauss' Great Waltz (1934). He was married to Emilie Werner. He died on 10 January 1939 in Vienna, Austria.- Writer/journalist Jacques Futrelle was born in Pike County, GA, in 1875. After graduating from high school, he held a variety of jobs--including theater manager--but finally secured a position in the editorial department of the Boston "American" newspaper. While there he wrote a series of short stories, which were eventually published. He began a series of detective novels, "The Thinking Machine", featuring Prof. Augustus Van Deusen, a professor at an American university who used his intellect to solve crimes. Van Densen first appeared in the closing chapters of an adventure serial Futrelle wrote, "The Case of the Golden Plate", in 1906. The series was featured in several magazine articles, and the stories were later published in two volumes of collections.
Futurelle was one of the passengers on the SS Titanic, which sank on April 15, 1912. He did not survive. - Edna Hunter was born on 9 April 1876 in Toledo, Ohio, USA. She was an actress, known for The Unchastened Woman (1918), Half a Rogue (1916) and The Common Law (1916). She was married to Worden George Leveret Woods. She died on 5 February 1920 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Park Trammell was born on 9 April 1876 in Macon County, Alabama, USA. He died on 8 May 1936 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Hughie Cannon was born on 9 April 1877 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He is known for The Conversation (1974), Miss Congeniality (2000) and The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008). He was married to Emma Dorson. He died on 17 June 1912 in Toledo, Ohio, USA.- Maria Grilo was born on 9 April 1877 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She is known for Dever de Amar (1925), Gigolete (1924) and Bombonzinho (1937).
- Beth Nagel was born on 9 April 1877 in Chicago, Illinois, USA. She was an actress, known for Tenderloin (1928) and Sweet Adeline (1926). She died on 29 October 1936 in Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Owen Evans was born on 9 April 1878 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. He was an actor, known for Freed by Fido (1917), Treed (1916) and Some Liars (1916). He died on 10 September 1924 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- This once popular silent screen star and older matinee idol for Paramount Studios is all but forgotten today; however, Thomas "Tommy" Meighan was one of the rulers of the Hollywood roost, between the years 1915 and 1928.
He was born in Pittsburgh, his father a president of a major manufacturing company. Meighan switched interests from medicine to acting during his mid-college years, joining Henrietta Crosman's Pittsburgh stock company as his initiation to professional theater.
During these years he met and married stage actress Frances Ring, who was the sister of actors Blanche Ring and Cyril Ring, enjoying a long and happy wedded life. Having developed a highly respected name for himself on Broadway right after the turn of the century, he decided, at the age of 36, to give up the stage in order to pursue the still-floundering medium of movie-making. It was a wise and prosperous move.
Meighan made his debut opposite Laura Hope Crews in The Fighting Hope (1915) and became a Paramount favorite of producer/director Cecil B. DeMille's with leading man roles in Kindling (1915), The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1916), Male and Female (1919), Why Change Your Wife? (1920), and Manslaughter (1922). Meighan lit up the silver screen time and time again paired up with Hollywood's top echelon of silent female stars including Lila Lee, Blanche Sweet, Lois Wilson, Pauline Frederick, Billie Burke, Norma Talmadge, Charlotte Walker, and Leatrice Joy.
Meighan would make his film masterpiece with The Miracle Man (1919), also starring Lon Chaney, in which he played Tom Burke, a notorious con-man, who tries one last scheme, a faith-healing scam, before going clean. Unfortunately, this 8-reel silent classic is now lost but for a minor portion. Meighan would earn between $5,000 to $10,000 a week during his prime years.
Although his first talking picture, The Argyle Case (1929), was a success, Meighan's career went into a rapid decline come the advent of sound, playing a few fatherly types in support at the very end. His last film was Peck's Bad Boy (1934) starring young Jackie Cooper. At about this time the actor discovered he had cancer and was forced to withdraw from the screen. He died two years later on July 8, 1936. He and wife Frances had no children. - Jean-Marie Cairoli was born on 9 April 1879 in Moissac, Tarn-et-Garonne, France. He died on 14 March 1956 in Jouy-en-Josas, Yvelines, France.
- Actor
Charles McNally was born on 9 April 1879 in Lowell, Massachusetts, USA. He was an actor. He died on 16 March 1952 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Gerald Kelly was born on 9 April 1879 in London, England, UK. He was married to Lilian Ryan. He died on 5 January 1972 in London, England, UK.
- Additional Crew
- Actor
A.H. Van Buren was born on 9 April 1879 in Gloucester, New Jersey, USA. He was an actor, known for City Girl (1930), The River (1928) and Big Time (1929). He was married to Dorothy Bernard. He died on 1 August 1965 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Gerald Kelly was born on 9 April 1879 in London, England, UK. He died on 5 January 1972 in London, England, UK.
- Doc White was born on 9 April 1879 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA. He died on 19 February 1969 in Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
- Felix Riesenberg was born on 9 April 1879 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. He was a writer, known for East Side, West Side (1927) and Skyline (1931). He died on 19 November 1939 in Bronxville, New York, USA.
- Maria Jotuni was born on 9 April 1880 in Kuopio, Finland. She was a writer, known for Kun on tunteet (1954), Kultainen vasikka (1961) and Miehen kylkiluu (1937). She died on 30 September 1943 in Helsinki, Finland.
- Composer
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Joseph Rumshinsky was born on 9 April 1881 in Vilna, Russian Empire [now Vilnius, Lithuania]. He was a composer, known for Two Sisters (1938), Shir Hashirim (1935) and Dummy (2002). He died on 6 February 1956.- Ferdinand Mayerhofer was born on 9 April 1881 in Graz, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was an actor, known for Hab' ich nur deine Liebe (1953), Young Girls of Vienna (1949) and Eva, the Factory Girl (1935). He died on 6 June 1960 in Vienna, Austria.
- Ralph Belmont was born on 9 April 1882 in Italy. He was an actor, known for A Sea Mystery (1916) and Li'l Nor'wester (1915). He was married to Lulu Sutton. He died on 21 September 1964 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Otz Tollen was born on 9 April 1882 in Berlin, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Der Schädel der Pharaonentochter (1920), Die Schreckensnacht im Irrenhaus Ivoy (1920) and Wenn Menschen irren. Frauen auf Irrwegen (1926). He died on 19 July 1965 in Wilmersdorf, Berlin, Germany.- Großherzog Friedrich Franz IV von Mecklenburg-Schwerin was born on 9 April 1882 in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. He was married to Princess Alexandra of Hanover. He died on 17 November 1945 in Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.