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- Nathaniel Lyon was the first Union general to be killed in the American Civil War. He is noted for his actions in Missouri in 1861, at the beginning of the conflict, to forestall secret secessionist plans of the governor Claiborne Jackson. He had fought in the Second Seminole War in Florida and the Mexican-American War. After being assigned to Kansas, where many residents were divided about slavery and the Union, he developed strong pro-Union views. In February 1861, Lyon was made commander of the Union arsenal in St. Louis, Missouri (another divided state). Suspicious of governor Claiborne, who was working with Jefferson Davis on a secret plan for secession, Lyon forced the surrender of the pro-Confederate militia. Some civilians rioted and Lyon's troops fired into the crowd, which came to be known as the Camp Jackson Affair. Lyon was promoted brigadier-general and given command of Union troops in Missouri. He was killed at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, while trying to rally his outnumbered soldiers. Despite his passing during the first year of the war, Lyon's efforts prevented the State of Missouri from joining the Confederacy.
- Ventura de la Vega was born on 14 July 1807 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was a writer, known for El hombre de mundo (1949), Estudio 1 (1965) and Teatro de siempre (1966). He was married to Manuela Oreiro de Lema. He died on 29 November 1865 in Madrid, Spain.
- Annie Jones was born on 14 July 1865 in Smyth County, Virginia, USA. She was married to William Donovan and Richard Elliott. She died on 25 October 1902 in Brooklyn, New York, USA.
- Jerzy Zulawski was born on 14 July 1874 in Lipowiec, Galicia, Austria-Hungary [now Lipowiec, Malopolskie, Poland]. He was a writer, known for On the Silver Globe (1988), Pod vlastyu luny (1911) and Teatr Polskiego Radia (2004). He died on 9 August 1915 in Debica, Galicia, Austria-Hungary [now Debica, Podkarpackie, Poland].
- Between 1876 and 1883, Gustav Klimt studied at the School of Applied Arts in Vienna. A scholarship made this training possible for him. His brother attended the same school. Between 1880 and 1883, together and with Franz Matsch, they realized commissioned works and painted ceiling and theater decorations in Vienna, Karlsbad and Reichenberg. In 1883 the three opened a studio in Vienna and, among other things, accepted commissioned work. They worked on the National Theater in Bucharest, or they designed the ceilings of the Hermes Villa of the Austrian Empress Elisabeth. In 1886 a commission at the Burgtheater in Vienna followed. Two years later, the work was completed and the artists were honored by Emperor Franz Joseph I with the Golden Cross of Merit for Art. During this time, Klimt turned to monumental painting. In 1889, Gustav Klimt undertook a trip to Europe, including stops in Trieste, Venice and Munich. Especially in the period between 1890 and 1900, the artist was in search of his individual expressiveness. He increasingly broke away from the academic style.
In 1891 he joined the "Vienna's Cooperative of Visual Artists". In doing so, he placed himself between the fronts of tradition-conscious followers and the avant-gardists. During this time he met Emilie Flöge. The connection develops into a friendship. Gustav Klimt is the father of several illegitimate children that he had with his models. In 1892 his brother died. Klimt severed his studio connection with Franz Matsch. Two years later the two were commissioned to design the ceiling decoration of the "Aula Magna" at the University of Vienna. In 1897, Klimt was one of the co-founders of the Viennese artist group "Secession". He was also its first president. The group's goals were the independence of art and artists, above all, from government regulations. The magazine "Ver Sacrum" became the movement's medium in which the "Secession" artists presented their work and their goals. In the following years, Klimmt was heavily involved in the artists' association. In the period from 1898 to 1900 there was a change in the artist's painting technique. Klimt turned to an expressionist style with a flat, ornamental character. In 1900 the work "Philosophy", one of three ceiling paintings in the University of Vienna, was awarded the gold medal.
Nevertheless, the paintings met with internal criticism from professors who judged them to be ugly and pornographic. In 1902 Klimt created the "Beethoven Frieze" for Max Klinger's "Beethoven Statue". Klimt's work provoked polemical reactions. In the same year he met the important French sculptor Auguste Rodin, who was impressed by Klimt's "Beethoven Frieze". The following year the artist went on a trip to Italy to Ravenna, Venice and Florence. The discussion between naturalists and stylists in the "Secession" led to the group's split in 1905. Klimt and other artists then left. The contrary reactions to his faculty pictures at the University of Vienna increased. As a result, Klimt withheld the works and paid back the fee. The following year, Klimt's "golden period" began. The picture entitled "Fritza Riedler" was created and marked the beginning of it. This phase culminated in the picture "The Kiss". During this time, Klimmt realized an expressive language that was linked to early Christian mosaic works and icons. The artist got his inspiration for this in Italy.
During this period, numerous portraits of women with an erotic character were created and document Klimt's devotion to the female gender. In 1907 there was first contact with the Austrian painter and draftsman Egon Schiele. The expressionist artist was significantly inspired by Klimt's work. In the years 1908 and 1909 Klimt organized the "Art Show". In 1911 the artist was awarded first prize at the International Art Exhibition in Rome for his painting "Death and Life". On the other hand, Klimt's style was often criticized. He brought his pictures into harmony with the compositions of Gustav Mahler and the psychoanalytic theses of Sigmund Freud. Together with Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschka and Anton Faistauer, Klimt took part in the exhibition of the "Association of Austrian Artists", which was organized by the Berlin "Secession". In 1917, Gustav Klimt became an honorary member of the academies of fine arts in Vienna and Munich. - Judit Bánky was born on 14 July 1892 in Kaposvár, Austria-Hungary [now Hungary]. She was an actress, known for Gólyakalifa (1917). She died on 26 October 1918 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Alajos Mészáros was born on 14 July 1877 in Budapest, Hungary. He was an actor, known for Liliomfi (1915), A becsapott újságíró (1915) and A Nagymama (1916). He was married to Berky, Kató. He died on 17 October 1920 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Stunning silent screen actress Martha Mansfield was a musical comedy star in New York City by the time she entered films in 1916 for Max Linder. Before long she advanced to second leads in features, including the role of Millicent Carew in the John Barrymore starrer Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1920), which to this day remains her best known. The promising beauty was signed by Fox Studios in 1923 and began work on a new picture The Warrens of Virginia (1924). Nearing the completion of the film, Martha had just finished a scene and was returning to her automobile when her dress caught fire from a carelessly strewn match. Engulfed in flames, co-star Wilfred Lytell managed to throw his coat around her and extinguish the fire, but it was too late. She died the next day of severe burns at age 24.
- Gertrude Bell was born on 14 July 1868 in Washington New Hall, County Durham, England, UK. She died on 12 July 1926 in Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq.
- Tom Kerrick was born on 14 July 1895 in Tucson, Arizona, USA. He was an actor, known for Men in the Raw (1923). He died on 27 April 1927 in Hollywood, California, USA.
- Presley M. Rixey was born on 14 July 1852 in Culpepper, Virginia, USA. He was married to Earlena Rixey. He died on 17 June 1928 in Rosslyn, Virginia, USA.
- Wallace Eddinger was born on 14 July 1881 in Albany, New York, USA. He was an actor, known for The Great Diamond Robbery (1914) and A Gentleman of Leisure (1915). He was married to Margaret Lawrence and Ivy La Grove. He died on 8 January 1929 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Fred Jeffs was born on 14 July 1880 in Dublin, Ireland. He was an actor, known for Cruiskeen Lawn (1922), Casey's Millions (1922) and Wicklow Gold (1922). He died on 18 November 1930 in Dublin, Ireland.
- Charles Le Goffic was born on 14 July 1863 in Lannion, Côtes-d'Armor, France. He was a writer, known for Morgane la sirène (1928). He died on 12 February 1932 in France.
- Herbert Reynolds was born on 14 July 1867 in Manchester, England, UK. He died on 26 August 1933 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Actor
- Writer
Robert Brower was born on 14 July 1850 in Point Pleasant, New York, USA. He was an actor and writer, known for The Little Minister (1921), Vanity Fair (1915) and How Mrs. Murray Saved the American Army (1911). He died on 8 December 1934 in West Hollywood, California, USA.- Karl Illner was born on 14 July 1877 in Schatzlar, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. She was an actress, known for Das Geheimnis der Lüfte (1913). She was married to Emilie. She died on 6 August 1935 in Vienna, Austria.
- Actress
- Additional Crew
Josefina Ramos was born on 14 July 1910 in Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico. She was an actress, known for La cautivadora (1931). She was married to Arnold Gray. She died on 5 May 1936 in Jacumba, California, USA.- Director
- Writer
Alexander Christian was born on 14 July 1881. Alexander was a director and writer, known for Værelse Nr. 17 (1916), Herregaards-Mysteriet (1917) and Kvinden med de smukke Øjne (1917). Alexander died on 9 September 1937.- Hans Ahrens was born on 14 July 1869 in Rostock, Germany. He was an actor, known for Die Söhne des Grafen Steinfels (1915), Das Licht in der Nacht (1917) and Die nicht sterben sollen... (1916). He died on 6 January 1938 in Berlin, Germany.
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Owen Wister was an American writer and historian. He is best remembered for writing The Virginian and a biography of Ulysses S. Grant. In 1898, Wister married Mary Channing, his cousin. The couple had six children. Channing died during childbirth in 1913. Their daughter, Marina Wister, married artist Andrew Dasburg in 1933. Novels: The New Swiss Family Robinson (1882), The Dragon of Wantley: His Tale (1892), Lin McLean (1897), The Virginian: A Horseman of the Plains (1902), Philosophy 4: A Story of Harvard University (1903), A Journey in Search of Christmas (1904), Lady Baltimore (1906), Padre Ignacio: or, the Song of Temptation (1911), Romney: And Other New Works about Philadelphia (written 1912-1915). Non-fiction: Ulysses S. Grant (1901), Oliver Wendell Holmes, in the "American Men of Letters Series" (1902), The Bison, Musk-Ox, Sheep, and Goat Family, with G. B. Grinnell and Caspar Whitney in the "American Sportsman's Library" (1903), Benjamin Franklin, in the "English Men of Letters Series" (1904), The Seven Ages of Washington: A Biography (1907), The Pentecost of Calamity (1915), The Aftermath of Battle: With the Red Cross in France (1916), A Straight Deal: or the Ancient Grudge (1920), Neighbors Henceforth (1922), A Monograph of the Work of Mellor Meigs & Howe (1923), Roosevelt: The Story of a Friendship, 1880-1919 (1930) The Philadelphia Club, 1834-1934 (1934).- József Kürthy was born on 14 July 1881 in Szatmárnémeti, Austria-Hungary [now Satu Mare, Romania]. He was an actor, known for Mackó úr kalandjai (1921), A Falu rossza (1916) and A piros bugyelláris (1917). He died on 18 June 1939 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Actress
Carolyn T. Myers-Chaney is the mother of Norman 'Chubby' Chaney, of Our Gang (The Little Rascals) fame. She had one other child, Ruth. Carolyn starred in one Our Gang film, Railroadin' (1929) as a train passenger. She was billed under the pseudonym "Mrs. Norman T. Chaney". Carolyn and Norman were both buried in unmarked graves in Baltimore Cemetery (Baltimore, MD) until 2012 when a fund raiser was held to buy headstones for both of them.- Actress
- Soundtrack
Beatrice Coleman was born on 14 July 1914 in Oak Park, Illinois, USA. She was an actress, known for The Little Stranger (1936). She died on 14 May 1940 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Composer
- Soundtrack
Songwriter ("The Glory of Love", "In the Chapel in the Moonlight", "Wagon Wheels"), composer, pianist, author, violinist and conductor, educated in public schools and a music student (violin) of Carl Muck. He worked with surveyors in Death Valley, and then took jobs as a violinist and pianist in dance halls, eventually leading the first jazz band in Salt Lake City, Utah. Joining ASCAP in 1929, his chief musical collaborators were his wife Dedette Hill, and Peter DeRose, Victor Young, William Raskin, Edward Eliscu and J. Keirn Brennan. His other popular musical compositions include "Empty Saddles", "They Cut Down the Old Pine Tree", "The Last Round-Up", "The call of the Canyon", "On a Little Street in Singapore", "The Old Man of the Mountain", "The Old Spinning Wheel", "Lights Out", "There's a Cabin in the Pines", "Put On an Old Pair of Shoes", and a number of others.- Carl O. Peterson was born on 14 July 1897 in Borre, Norway. He died on 10 November 1941 in Portland, Maine, USA.
- Director
- Cinematographer
Miodrag Djordjevic was born on 14 July 1896 in Brus, Serbia. He was a director and cinematographer, known for Ljubica i Janja (1941), Pod jugoslovenskim nebom (1934) and Split (1934). He died on 8 June 1943 in Krusevac, Serbia, Yugoslavia.- Gwen Farrar was born on 14 July 1899 in London, England, UK. She was an actress, known for She Shall Have Music (1935), Beloved Impostor (1936) and Take a Chance (1937). She died on 25 December 1944 in London, England, UK.
- Writer
- Actor
R. Crompton was born on 14 July 1870 in Almondsbury, Gloucestershire England, UK. He was a writer and actor, known for Nipper's Busy Holiday (1915) and Nipper and the Curate (1916). He died on 10 September 1945 in Exeter, Devon, England, UK.- Actor
- Soundtrack
One Hollywood stalwart whose screen incarnations more than lived up to his name was bald-domed character actor Donald Meek, forever typecast as mousy, timorous or browbeaten Casper Milquetoasts. He stood at 5 ft. 6 in. in his boots and weighed a mere 81 pounds. However, the little Glaswegian's personal history rather belied his gormless image on the silver screen. By the age of fourteen, Donald had joined an acrobatic team ("The Marvells") on the piano wire as a top mounter. He accompanied the troupe on their tour of the U.S. but sustained several compound fractures in a fall and had to quit. After spending six months on crutches, he joined the U.S. 6th Pennsylvania Regiment and saw action during the Spanish-American War in Cuba, was wounded and lost his hair after a bout of yellow fever. This did not deter him from re-enlisting at the onset of World War I. He went on to serve with the Canadian Highlanders as a corporal, but, to his consternation, never got any further than Toronto.
Donald had been infatuated with acting since early childhood. At the age of eight, he first performed publicly in the comic pantomime "Le Voyage en Suisse". Later, he toured Australia, South Africa, India and England in "Little Lord Fauntleroy". During his wartime sojourn in Cuba he had learned to "listen to those Yankees" and imitated their manner of speech, losing his Scottish accent in the process. When he was forced to abandon his career as an acrobat, he devoted more time to acting with various traveling stock companies and in New York. He made the first (of many) appearances on Broadway in 1903. Until the late 1920s, Donald remained quite gainfully employed in droll comical roles. Having flirted with screen acting since 1923, he made the move to the celluloid media by the end of the decade. Filmed at the Warner Brothers Eastern Vitaphone Studio in Brooklyn, he found himself an unlikely star, as amateur sleuth Dr. Amos Crabtree in The Clyde Mystery (1931), the first of eleven detective two-reelers, averaging just over twenty minutes in length. In 1933, Donald and wife Belle relocated to Hollywood.
Moving from studio to studio (his only long-tern tenure was at MGM from 1940 to 1944), Donald Meek quickly emerged as one of the most prolific, sought-after character players in the business. Invariably, he was respectability personified, all prim and proper. The role of eccentric toy maker Mr. Poppins in You Can't Take It with You (1938) was specially written for him. Other memorable performances included the nervy little whiskey salesman Samuel Peacock, losing his samples to Thomas Mitchell in Stagecoach (1939) ("the cutest coach rider in the wagon", according to a New York Times review); shady gambler Amos Budge in My Little Chickadee (1940); Mr. Wiggs thinking himself to sleep in Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch (1934); the eccentric little bee-keeper Bartholomew, helping the crime fighting exploits of Nick Carter, Master Detective (1939); and the intoxicated food taster and mince-meat enthusiast Hippenstahl of State Fair (1945). On odd occasions, Donald managed to step out of character, notably as the courageous Scottish prospector McTavish standing up to the villains of Barbary Coast (1935); scene-stealing, as miserly financier Daniel Drew in The Toast of New York (1937); as a rather loony citizen determined to collect a reward by unmasking Edward G. Robinson in The Whole Town's Talking (1935); or as tough railroad executive McCoy in Jesse James (1939) and The Return of Frank James (1940).
Donald Meek crammed more than 120 screen roles into a mere one and a half decades. His performances were consistently a joy to watch. He was never able to realise his ambition of retiring to raise hybrid roses, dying in November 1946 at the age of 68. Fourteen years later, he was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.- Considered one of the most beautiful actresses of the silent era, Olive Borden was a Mack Sennett bathing beauty at 15 and reached the peak of her career in 1926 when she made 11 films for Fox Studios and was earning $1,500 a week. Refusing to take a salary cut, Borden abruptly left Fox in 1928 and made only a few pictures for other studios before retiring from films in 1938. In 1943, she joined the WACS, and after her discharge, returned to Hollywood in a failed attempt to revive her career. At the time she was quoted as saying, "Since I got out of the Army I've gone from job to job. Something always goes wrong." By 1946 she was found scrubbing floors for a living and in 1947, at the age of 40, died of a "stomach ailment" at the Sunshine Mission - a home for destitute women on Los Angeles' Skid Row.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Enrique de Rosas was born on 14 July 1888 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was an actor and director, known for Hermanos (1941), Nativa (1939) and Atorrante (1939). He died on 20 January 1948 in Ituzaingo, Buenos Aires, Argentina.- Actor
- Writer
- Script and Continuity Department
George Dromgold was born on 14 July 1894 in Los Angeles, California, USA. He was an actor and writer, known for Square Shoulders (1929), Love Over Night (1928) and Celebrity (1928). He was married to Helen Shepard Dromgold. He died on 9 April 1948 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.- Helge Andersson was born on 14 July 1894 in Hölö, Södermanland, Sweden. He was an actor, known for Då länkarna smiddes (1939), Älskling, jag ger mig (1943) and Skeppsbrutne Max (1936). He died on 21 January 1949 in Stockholm, Sweden.
- Actor
- Director
- Soundtrack
Fritz Kampers was born on 14 July 1891 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Three from the Filling Station (1930), Der Bettelstudent (1936) and Der Meister der Welt (1927). He died on 1 September 1950 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, Germany.- Jay Henry was born on 14 July 1910 in New York City, New York, USA. He was an actor, known for We're Not Dressing (1934). He died on 23 December 1951 in White Plains, New York, USA.
- Director
- Writer
- Actor
Fred Sauer was born on 14 July 1886 in Graz, Styria, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was a director and writer, known for Im Dienste der Liebe (1919), Der indische Tod (1920) and Die Gesunkenen (1919). He died on 17 September 1952 in Berlin, Germany.- Hazel Redmond was born on 14 July 1890 in California, USA. She was an actress, known for Step Lively (1917), Rainbow Island (1917) and Bliss (1917). She died on 4 December 1952.
- Actor
- Writer
- Composer
Henri Poupon was born on 14 July 1884 in Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. He was an actor and writer, known for Merlusse (1935), Naïs (1945) and Angele (1934). He died on 16 February 1953 in Toulon, Var, France.- Netta Westcott was born on 14 July 1892 in Sidcup, Kent, England, UK. She was an actress, known for Lady Windermere's Fan (1916), Arms and the Man (1946) and Berkeley Square (1948). She died on 9 August 1953 in Chelsea, London, England, UK.
- Walter Darré was born on 14 July 1895 in Belgrano, Buenos Aires City, Distrito Federal, Argentina. He was an actor, known for Better Than Gold (1935) and Triumph of the Will (1935). He died on 5 September 1953 in Munich, Bavaria, West Germany [now in Germany].
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Alfredo De Antoni was born on 14 July 1875 in Piedmont, Italy. He was an actor and director, known for Il processo Clémenceau (1917), Malìa (1917) and Maman Colibrì (1918). He died on 3 December 1953 in Rome, Lazio, Italy.- Lucille Sudekum was born on 14 July 1892 in Edina, Tennessee, USA. She was an actress, known for Sam Davis, the Hero of Tennessee (1915). She died on 19 February 1954 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
- Carl Madsen was born on 14 July 1878 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He was an actor, known for Vor fælles Ven (1921), Kongen bød (1938) and Jeg har elsket og levet (1940). He died on 4 March 1954 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Al Hill was born on 14 July 1892 in New York City, New York, USA. He was an actor, known for The Last Mile (1932), A Man's World (1942) and Call of the Prairie (1936). He was married to Rene Boucicault. He died on 14 July 1954 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
George Blake was born on 14 July 1917 in New York City, New York, USA. He was a director and actor, known for Kid Galahad (1937), Girl on the Spot (1946) and Film Novelty Series: Aren't We All (1947). He died on 7 October 1955 in Bronxville, New York, USA.- Writer
- Actor
Pat C. Flick was born on 14 July 1898 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. He was a writer and actor, known for His Exciting Night (1938), Nobody's Baby (1937) and Stage Struck (1936). He died on 1 November 1955 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Charles Wreford was born on 14 July 1871 in Clyst St Mary, Devon, England, UK. He was an actor, known for A Cup of Kindness (1947), A Cup of Kindness (1950) and The Handle Bar (1947). He died on 8 February 1956 in Wembley, London, England, UK.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
Theo Frenkel made more than 220 films between 1908 and 1925, but only a few have survived, making it impossible properly to assess his artistic importance. He was a director on a European scale, producing a vast body of work spanning Britain, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Frenkel preferred to call himself Theo Bouwmeester after his mother, who came from a well-known theatrical family in the Netherlands. Before entering the film industry, he worked as a stage actor in many countries. He directed his first film in Cecil Hepworth's filmstudio in Walton-on-Thames (England) in 1908. He soon had his own troupe of actors and made more than fifty pictures in a variety of genres, mostly writing the scripts himself. In 1910 he became head of Charles Urban's studio's in Hove near Brighton (UK) and in Nice (France), where he directed more than 120 films in two years, many of them in colour, using one of the earliest colour systems, Kinemacolor. To enhance the spectacle aspect of his films, he selected stories that demanded glamorous costumes and monumental landscapes, like Greek myths, biblical tales and historical romances. Frenkel cast his first wife Julie Meijer (1878-1963) in many leading roles and he himself seized every opportunity to appear with her in front of the camera. These films never made a profit, however, and Frenkel had to move on. He worked for the British Pathé studios in 1912, moved to Berlin in 1913, and finally returned to neutral Holland at the outbreak of the World War I. In his own country he was one of the most experienced directors at the time, and he waisted no time creating several sensational dramas such as Het wrak van de Noordzee (The Wreck of the North Sea, 1915), Genie tegen geweld (Genius Against Violence, 1916) and Pro domo (1918). After the war, Frenkel returned to Berlin to direct German-Dutch co-productions such as Alexandra (1922) and Frauenmoral (1923), but his international career was over. Since the Netherlands could not support his ambitions either, he retired from film-making in 1925, only returning to direct his last feature in 1928.- E.F. Symmons was born on 14 July 1882 in Dalston, London, England, UK. E.F. was a director, known for I'll Take You Home Again, Kathleen (1929), Electrocord Films (1929) and The Dancing Lesson (1929). E.F. died on 2 February 1957 in Beverley, Yorkshire, England, UK.