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- Stephanus Johannes Paulus Krüger, the president of the 19th century Transvaal Republic in what is now South Africa, was born on October 10, 1825 into a family of Prussian descent at Bulhoek in the Steynsburg district of what is now South Africa, at his grandfather's farm. Krüger, who was affectionately called "Oom Paul" (Afrikaans for "Uncle Paul") by his people, was fated to become a prominent leader of the Boer resistance that eventually was defeated by the might of the British military during the second Boer War. As a symbol of resistance to the British Empire, he was the subject of an autobiographical film released by Nazi Germany in 1941.
They young Paul Krüger grew up on the farm Vaalbank, where his formal education was extremely limited. His real education was had as a frontiersman on the veld, a lifestyle that seasoned him for the hard road of rebellion that lay in his future. What is now South Africa was founded as the Cape Colony by the Dutch East India Company in 1652, with the founding of Cape Town. The British occupied the Cape Colony in 1795 and assumed official control of it in 1806, when The Netherlands lost sovereignty during the Napoleonic Wars.
Cape Colony became the Cape Province. In 1836, Paul Krüger's father, Casper,became part of the "Great Trek" of Boers that had began two years earlier as they sought to flee British laws. The Boers, who spoke a dialect of Dutch known as "Afrikaans", were resistant to the British Empire's Anglicisation policies, as well as its laws on slavery (the UK had abolished slavery in the early 19th century). They also were disgusted by what they saw as the indifference of British authorities to the border wars they waged with indigenous peoples on the eastern frontier of the Province.
In the 1830s and 1840s, approximately 12,000 Boers moved eastward into the interior to settle in the future Natal, Orange Free State and Transvaal Provinces to escape British authority. Krüger's father Casper later decided to settle in the district now known as Rustenburg. A veteran of the Great Trek, Paul had fought in three battles by the time he was 13. When he was 16 years old, Krüger choose a farm for himself at the foot of the Magaliesberg, where he settled in 1841. The following year he married Maria du Plessis, and the young couple accompanied his father to live in the Eastern Transvaal for a while. After the family had returned to Rustenburg, Krüger's wife and infant son died, likely from malaria (some sources say she died in childbirth). Krüger then married his dead wife's niece, Gezina du Plessis, who was his constant and devoted companion until her death in 1901. Altogether, Gezina Krüger gave birth to nine sons and seven daughters, though some perished in infancy as was common before antiseptic midwifery in the 20th Century.
In time, Paul Krüger emerged as a leader due to this prowess on the battlefield. Starting as a field cornet in the commandos, he eventually became Commandant-General of the South African Republic. He also distinguished himself as a diplomat and politician, being appointed member of a commission of the Volksraad, the republican parliament that drew up a constitution. In 1873, Krüger resigned as Commandant-General, retiring to his farm, Boekenhoutfontein. However, in 1874 he was elected to the Executive Council and shortly after that became Vice-President of the Transvaal. Following the annexation of the Transvaal by Britain in 1877, Krüger became the leader of the resistance movement. That same year, he visited the UK for the first time as leader of a deputation. In 1878, he was part of a second deputation.
The First Boer War (the "War of Independence" to Afrikaaners) started in 1880. Paul Krüger was elected President of the Transvaal on December 30, 1880. After defeating the British forces at the decisive battle at Majuba in 1881, Krüger was instrumental in negotiating the restoration of Transvaal's independence under official British overlordship (meaning the UK would provide for the Republic's defense and foreign policy). However, at the London conference of 1884, Kruger succeeded in regaining the independence of the Republic. Unfortunately for the Afrikaaners in the Transvaal, gold was discovered in the Witwatersrand and a destabilizing Gold Rush was on, bringing in large numbers of foreigners (called "Uitlanders" or "Ourlanders" in Afrikaans. The Gold Rush eventually set in motion the dynamics that led to the fall of the Republic as the British Imperialists (whose subjects made up most of the Uitlanders) began to covet the Transvaal anew. Denial of rights to the Uitlanders by the Republic gave the British Empire an excuse to act.
During the New Year's weekend of December 29, 1895 to January 2, 1896), Leander Starr Jameson, the British Administrator of Southern Rhodesia, launched a raid on the Republic of the Transvaal with his Rhodesian and Bechuanaland policemen. The raid was launched with the authority of the premier of the Capetown Province, Cecil Rhodes, and with the covert approval of Her Majesty Queen Victoria's government. Jameson intended his raid to trigger an uprising by British expatriate workers in the Republic, but it failed. Relations between Britain and The Transvaal Republic deteriorated further.
The United Kingdom became upset when rumors circulated after the failed raid that the German Kaiser had offered protection to the Boer republics of Transvaal and the Orange Free State, something which would have upset the balance of power in Africa and in Europe. In 1898, Om Krüger -- who had met with the Kaiser and his Chancellor Otto von Bismark during a European trip -- was elected President for the fourth (and last) time. The British responded by gathering troops on the borders of the Boer republics. Fearing imminent annexation, the Boers launched a preemptive strike against the nearby British colonies on the day after Krüger's 74th birthday, a strike which ignited the second Boer War.
The last session of the Transvaal legislature, the Volksraad, began on May 7, 1900, as a British Army commanded by Field Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts (Lord Roberts), bore down on Pretoria, the capital. President Krüger left Pretoria on the 29th of May and was able to remain in the country until October, when he left South Africa on the Dutch warship De Gelderland, which had been sent by Queen Wilhelmina of The Netherlands to evacuate him. As his wife Gezina was too ill to travel, she remained behind, dying in their homeland on July 20, 1901.
In exile, Krüger first lived in Marseille, France, then in The Netherlands, and then finally in Clarens, Switzerland, where he died on 14 July 1904. His body was returned to South African and on December 16, 1904, he was buried in the Church Street cemetery in Pretoria.
Krüger became the subject of one of 'Joseph Goebbels'' lavish propaganda films, 1941's "Ohm Kruger". The wily old rebel was played by Oscar winning German actor Emil Jannings, who as "Uncle Kruger", was looking back on his life and struggles against the British Empire, which Nazi Germany was then struggling against. (Ironically, Hitler himself was an admirer of the British Empire, in theory.) Jannings appearance in the film, which distorted many facts to make the British seem far more villainous than they had behaved during the real second Boer War, was used against him after the war, as proof of his pro-Nazi leanings. Jennigs had to undergo de-Nazification, and never made another feature film after 1945. - Pieter Cronje was born on 4 October 1836 in Colesberg, Cape Colony [now South Africa]. He was married to Hester Cronje. He died on 4 February 1911 in Potchefstroom, Transvaal, South Africa.
- Mrs. H.R. Hancock was born on 7 November 1850 in South Africa. She was an actress, known for Mr. Fix-It (1918). She died on 3 May 1930 in Australia.
- Olive Schreiner was born on 24 March 1855 in Wittebergen, Basutoland [now South Africa]. She was a writer, known for The Hunter (1973), The Story of an African Farm (1980) and The Story of an African Farm (2004). She was married to Samuel Cronwright. She died on 11 December 1920 in Wynberg, South Africa.
- Jan Smuts was born on 24 May 1870 in Malmesbury, Cape Colony [now South Africa]. He died on 11 September 1950 in Doornkloof, South Africa.
- According to most sources British author Cynthia Stockley was born in London around 1863 with the birth name Lilian Julian Webb. She could have been the oldest daughter of Frederick I. and Mary A. Webb. Their daughter is the only Lilian (or Lillian) Webb found in the 1871 English Census who was born in London around 1863. At that time of the 1871 census Frederick Webb was a schoolmaster in the village of Charles in the county of Devon. By the 1891 census his daughter Lilian was working as a teacher at a boarding school in London. This may or may not be the correct family connection. Also most of the news accounts at the time of her death believed that Stockley had been born in South Africa.
In 1896 Cynthia Stockley relocated to the then British colony of Rhodesia. There she married Rhodesian police officer Phillip George Watts Stockley and later Colonel H. E. Pelham-Browne, one of the earliest European settlers of Rhodesia.
Sometime around the turn of the twentieth century Stockley returned to England and began working as a newspaper writer. Her first book, "Virginia of Rhodesians" (1904), was a collection of short stories that achieved international success. Later "Poppy, The Story of a South African Girl" (1910), received a great deal of attention for its frankness about marriage, morality, sex and depression. A list of some of her later books include: "The Claw: Stories of South Africa" (1911), "The Dream Ship" (1913), "Wild Honey: Stories of South Africa"" (1914), "Blue Aloes: Stories of South Africa" (1918), "Pink Gods and Blue Demons" (1920), "The Sins of Rosanne" (1920), "Ponjola" (1923), "Dalla The Lion-Cub: Stories of South Africa." (1924), "The Garden of Peril: A Story of the African Veld" (1924), "Perilous Woman: A Story of the African Veld" (1924), "Three Farms: A Story of South Africa" (1925), "The Dice of God: Stories of South Africa" (1926), "Leopard in the Bush: A Sequel to "Dalla the Lion-Cub" (1926), "Tagati (Magic)" (1930), "Kraal Baby: A Novel" (1934) and "Perilous Stuff: Three Short Novels" (1936).
Cynthia Stockley ended her life on 15 January, 1936 by inhaling coal gas in her London home. Her fading popularity and reduced financial circumstances may have played a factor in her death. Some believe that had her stories not revolved so much around colonial life in Africa that she might be better remembered today. - Writer
- Additional Crew
Gustav Preller was born on 4 October 1875 in Pretoria, South Africa. Gustav was a writer, known for De Voortrekkers (1916). Gustav died on 6 October 1943 in Pretoria, South Africa.- A. Neil Lyons was born on 1 January 1880 in Kimberley, South Africa. A. Neil was a writer, known for The Return of the Rat (1929). A. Neil died in January 1940 in Watford, Hertfordshire, England, UK.
- Morton Howard was born on 11 January 1880 in Cape Colony, South Africa. He was a writer, known for The Little Shop in Fore Street (1926), Goose and Stuffing (1926) and The Happy Rascals (1926). He died in 1956 in Kingsclere, Hampshire, England, UK.
- Actor
- Writer
Henry Francis Maltby was a South African-born playwright, theatre actor and director. A former bank clerk, he performed on stage from as early as 1899, later treading the boards of London's West End after military service in World War I. In addition to writing or adapting works for musical theatre, he also authored some 50 plays (primarily light comedies and satires), some of which were later filmed: Profit and the Loss (1917), The Rotters (1921), Just My Luck (1933), among others). Maltby wrote a number of film scripts by the early 20's, but did not act on screen until about 1934, by which time he became a prolific purveyor of comedic impersonations of pompous or apoplectic barristers, judges or military figures. His round-faced, chinless, beady-eyed countenance adapted itself with equal ease to doleful, mean or comedic personae. For that reason, he was consistently employed in diverse films ranging from Alfred Hitchcock thrillers to Will Hay farces. Maltby continued to write film scripts and radio plays well into the 1940's. His autobiography, "Ring Up the Curtain", appeared in 1950.- Kenneth Hunter was born on 19 February 1882 in Capetown, South Africa. He was an actor, known for The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), Ambition (1916) and Another Dawn (1937). He died on 21 December 1961 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Beatrice Rowe was born on 24 September 1884 in Cape Town, South Africa. She was an actress, known for BBC Sunday-Night Theatre (1950), Love from a Stranger (1938) and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass (1948). She died in 1964 in Kensington, London, England, UK.
- Cadle served as a Methodist minister at one time. In 1925, Cadle and cameraman Paul Hoefler went on expedition to the Kalahari to study customs of traditional people and get photos of what was considered the "lowest race of people on earth."
- Dennis Wyndham was born on 15 January 1887 in Natal, South Africa. He was an actor, known for Juno and the Paycock (1929), Lorna Doone (1920) and The Face at the Window (1932). He was married to Poppy Wyndham. He died on 19 August 1973 in Worthing, Sussex, England, UK.
- South African writer Sarah Gertrude Millin was born Sarah Gertrude Liebson in Kimberley, Cape Province, South Africa, in 1889. She grew up near the diamond fields in Kimberley and the "river diggings" in Barkley West, where the white, "colored"--half black/half white--and black communities provided much of the background for her future novels.
Her 1924 novel "God's Stepchildren" dealt with the lives and struggles of four generations of a colored family in South Africa, a subject that was quite taboo at the time. Her next novel, "Mary Glenn" (1925), was about the plight of a mother whose child had disappeared. It became one of the most popular English-language novels in South Africa and cemented her reputation as a writer of note. In addition to her novels, she also wrote biographies (of Cecil Rhodes and South African military hero Jan Smuts), books on South African history, collections of essays and two autobiographies.
She died in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1968. - Additional Crew
Ted Behr was born on 25 August 1889 in Johannesburg, South Africa. He is known for To Tell the Truth (1956). He died on 12 November 1969 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Cecil Weston was born on 3 September 1889 in Capetown, South Africa. She was an actress, known for Banjo on My Knee (1936), Honeychile (1951) and Hoosier Schoolboy (1937). She was married to Fred J. Balshofer. She died on 7 August 1976 in Hollywood, California, USA.
- Dorothy Bernard was born on 25 June 1890 in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. She was an actress, known for The Rainbow (1917), The Little Gypsy (1915) and The Wild Goose (1921). She was married to A.H. Van Buren. She died on 15 December 1955 in Hollywood, California, USA.
- Actor
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Though a native of South Africa, Cecil Kellaway spent many years as an actor, author and director in Australian live theatre until he tried his luck in Hollywood in the 1930s. Finding he could get only gangster bit parts, he got discouraged and returned to Australia. Then William Wyler called and offered him a part in Wuthering Heights (1939). From then on Kellaway was always in demand when the part called for a twinkling, silver-haired leprechaun.- Additional Crew
Paul Grimm was born on 11 January 1891 in South Africa. He is known for Noah's Ark (1928). He died on 30 December 1974 in Riverside, California, USA.- Actress
- Writer
- Composer
Maria Bird was born on 24 August 1891 in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. She was an actress and writer, known for The Woodentops (1955), Watch with Mother (1953) and Flower Pot Men (1952). She died on 25 August 1979 in Westerham, Kent, England, UK.- Writer
- Additional Crew
- Soundtrack
English writer, scholar and philologist, Tolkien's father was a bank manager in South Africa. Shortly before his father died (1896) his mother took him and his younger brother to his father's native village of Sarehole, near Birmingham, England. The landscapes and Nordic mythology of the Midlands may have been the source for Tolkien's fertile imagination to write about 'the Shire' and 'hobbits' in his later book the Hobbit (1937). After his mother's death in 1904 he was looked after by Father Francis Xavier Morgan a RC priest of the Congregation of the Oratory. Tolkien was educated at King Edward VI school in Birmingham. He studied linguistics at Exeter College, Oxford, and took his B.A. in 1915. In 1916 he fought in World War I with the Lancashire Fusiliers. It is believed that his experiences during the Battle of the Somne may have been fueled the darker side of his subsequent novels. Upon his return he worked as an assistant on the Oxford English Dictionary (1918-20) and took his M.A. in 1919. In 1920 he became a teacher in English at the University of Leeds. He then went on to Merton College in Oxford, where he became Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon (1925-45) and Merton professor of English Language and Literature (1945-59). His first scholarly publication was an edition of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (1925). He also wrote books on Chaucer (1934) and Beowulf (1937). In 1939 Tolkien gave the Andrew Lang Lecture at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland titled: "On Fairy-Stories". Tolkien will however be remembered most for his books the Hobbit (1937) and the Lord of the Rings (1954-55). The Hobbit began as a bedtime story for his children". He wrote Lord of the Rings over a period of about 14 years.
Tolkien also discussed parts of his novels with fellow Oxfordian and fantasy writer CS Lewis during their 'meetings'. He was trying to create a fantasy world so that he could explain how he had invented certain languages, and in doing so created 'Middle-earth'. However among his peers at Oxford his works were not well received as they were not considered 'scholarly'. It was after LOTR was published in paperback in the United States in 1965 that he developed his legendary cult following and also imitators. Tolkien was W. P. Ker lecturer at Glasgow University in 1953. In 1954 both the University of Liege and University College, Dublin, awarded him honorary doctorates. He received the CBE in 1972. He served as vice-president of the Philological Society and was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. He was made an honorary fellow of Exeter College. Despite the immense popularity of his books today Tolkien did not greatly benefit from their sales. His son Christopher Tolkien was able to publish some of his works posthumously after his manuscripts were found.- Actor
- Writer
- Additional Crew
Basil Rathbone was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1892, but three years later his family was forced to flee the country because his father was accused by the Boers of being a British spy at a time when Dutch-British conflicts were leading to the Boer War. The Rathbones escaped to England, where Basil and his two younger siblings, Beatrice and John, were raised. Their mother, Anna Barbara (George), was a violinist, who was born in Grahamstown, South Africa, of British parents, and their father, Edgar Philip Rathbone, was a mining engineer born in Liverpool. From 1906 to 1910 Rathbone attended Repton School, where he was more interested in sports--especially fencing, at which he excelled--than studies, but where he also discovered his interest in the theater. After graduation he planned to pursue acting as a profession, but his father disapproved and suggested that his son try working in business for a year, hoping he would forget about acting. Rathbone accepted his father's suggestion and worked as a clerk for an insurance company--for exactly one year. Then he contacted his cousin Frank Benson, an actor managing a Shakespearean troupe in Stratford-on-Avon.
Rathbone was hired as an actor on the condition that he work his way through the ranks, which he did quite rapidly. Starting in bit parts in 1911, he was playing juvenile leads within two years. In 1915 his career was interrupted by the First World War. During his military service, as a second lieutenant in the Liverpool Scottish 2nd Battalion, he worked in intelligence and received the Military Cross for bravery. In 1919, released from military service, he returned to Stratford-on-Avon and continued with Shakespeare but after a year moved onto the London stage. The year after that he made his first appearance on Broadway and his film debut in the silent Innocent (1921).
For the remainder of the decade Rathbone alternated between the London and New York stages and occasional appearances in films. In 1929 he co-wrote and starred as the title character in a short-running Broadway play called "Judas". Soon afterwards he abandoned his first love, the theater, for a film career. During the 1920s his roles had evolved from the romantic lead to the suave lady-killer to the sinister villain (usually wielding a sword), and Hollywood put him to good use during the 1930s in numerous costume romps, including Captain Blood (1935), David Copperfield (1935), A Tale of Two Cities (1935), Anna Karenina (1935), The Last Days of Pompeii (1935), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), Tower of London (1939), The Mark of Zorro (1940) and others. Rathbone earned two Oscar nominations for Best Supporting Actor as Tybalt in Romeo and Juliet (1936) and as King Louis XI in If I Were King (1938).
However, it was in 1939 that Rathbone played his best-known and most popular character, Sherlock Holmes, with Nigel Bruce as Dr. Watson, first in The Hound of the Baskervilles (1939) and then in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (1939), which were followed by 12 more films and numerous radio broadcasts over the next seven years.
Feeling that his identification with the character was killing his film career, Rathbone went back to New York and the stage in 1946. The next year he won a Tony Award for his portrayal of Dr. Sloper in the Broadway play "The Heiress," but afterwards found little rewarding stage work. Nevertheless, during the last two decades of his life, Rathbone was a very busy actor, appearing on numerous television shows, primarily drama, variety and game shows; in occasional films, such as Casanova's Big Night (1954), The Court Jester (1955), Tales of Terror (1962) and The Comedy of Terrors (1963); and in his own one-man show, "An Evening with Basil Rathbone", with which he toured the U.S.- Clifford McLaglen was born on 15 June 1892 in Cape Town, South Africa. He was an actor, known for In the Blood (1923), Forbidden Cargoes (1926) and Off the Dole (1935). He died on 7 September 1978 in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England, UK.
- Actor
Colin Hunter was born on 20 July 1892 in Cape Town, South Africa. He was an actor. He died on 14 July 1968 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Eileen Molyneux was born on 26 August 1893 in Pietermaritzburg, Natal, South Africa. She was an actress, known for The Key of the World (1918), Adam As a Special Constable (1918) and Eve in the Country (1918). She died on 13 April 1962 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Hilary Tolkien was born on 17 February 1894 in Bloemfontein, South Africa. He was married to Magdalen Matthews. He died on 25 January 1976 in Evesham, Worcestershire, England, UK.
- Actor
Jack Carson was born on 5 April 1894 in Cape Town, South Africa. He was an actor. He was married to Barbara Olive Moulton. He died on 9 July 1962 in Kensington, London, England, UK.- Madge Saunders was born on 25 August 1894 in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was an actress, known for Tons of Money (1930) and The Divine Gift (1918). She was married to Michael Hogan (actor) and Leslie Henson. She died on 5 March 1967 in Boscombe, England, UK.
- Actor
- Additional Crew
Harry Hanson was born on 3 March 1895 in South Africa. He was an actor, known for The Fall of the House of Usher (1950), The Grove Family (1954) and Postman's Knock (1952). He died on 1 November 1972 in Westminster, London, England, UK.- Director
- Writer
- Cinematographer
Stella Court Treatt was born on 11 March 1895 in Blaauwbank, South Africa. She is known for Stampede (1930).- Composer
- Music Department
Lindley Evans moved to Australia in 1912 and studied piano and composition with Frank Hutchens at the New South Wales Conservatorium of Music. Later he went to study in London, England with Tobias Matthay.From 1922 onwards, Evans was accompanist to 'Nellie Melba'. Fellow pianist Isador Goodman became a good friend from 1930 until their deaths, within hours of each other.- Marda Vanne was born on 27 September 1896 in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was an actress, known for Vanity Fair (1956), BBC Sunday-Night Theatre (1950) and BBC Play of the Month (1965). She died on 27 April 1970 in London, England, UK.
- Edith Haisman was born Edith Eileen Brown on October 27, 1896 in Cape Colony, South Africa. She was the daughter of Thomas William Solomon Brown and Elizabeth Catherine Ford. Her father Thomas owned and operated a hotel in Cape Town, South Africa. Edith boarded the RMS Titanic as a second class passenger along with her parents in Southampton, England with an ultimate destination of Seattle, Washington, where her father planned to open a new hotel business. On that fateful night of April 15, 1912 Haisman and her mother Elizabeth survived the sinking of the Titanic by being placed together in Lifeboat 14. Her father Thomas sadly went down with the ship. In the wake of being rescued by the Carpathia, Edith and her mother Elizabeth briefly stayed at the Junior League House in New York before traveling to Seattle to live with Edith's aunt Josephine Acton. Haisman and her mother then returned to South Africa, where Edith lived with relatives in Cape Town after her mother remarried and moved to Rhodesia.
Edith met Frederick Thankful Haisman in May, 1917; the couple married on June 30, 1917. Haisman gave birth to a son in August, 1918 and went on to have nine more children altogether. Edith and her husband Frederick lived in both South Africa and Australia prior to settling down in Southampton (Frederick died in 1977). Haisman's popularity as a Titanic survivor grew as she got older and in her latter years she attended several ceremonies held to commemorate the tragic sinking of the ship. Edith died at age one hundred in a nursing home in Southampton on January 20, 1997. One of the oldest living survivors of the Titanic, Haisman at the time of her death was survived by four sons, two daughters, and over thirty grandchildren and great grandchildren. - Actress
- Writer
Jeanne De Casalis was born on 22 May 1897 in Basutoland, South Africa. She was an actress and writer, known for Bombsight Stolen (1941), Radio Parade (1933) and Charley's (Big-Hearted) Aunt (1940). She was married to Cowan Douglas Stephenson and Colin Clive. She died on 19 August 1966 in London, England, UK.- Make-Up Department
- Actor
Carlie Taylor was born on 16 September 1897 in Pretoria, South Africa. He was an actor, known for Seven Guns to Mesa (1958), Daddy-O (1958) and The Rogues (1964). He died on 19 September 1967 in Sunland, California, USA.- Santos Casani was born on 14 April 1898 in South Africa. He was an actor, known for Spies of the Air (1939) and The Flat Charleston (1926). He died in 1983 in Camden, London, England, UK.
- Myles Bourke was born on 29 October 1898 in Pretoria, South Africa. He was an actor, known for Die Bou van 'n Nasie (1938). He died in 1969 in Transvaal, South Africa.
- Composer
- Music Department
- Actor
Composer, author and conductor, educated in England. He became a US citizen in 1948 and was appointed director of musical presentations at New York's Capitol Theatre. He was also the associate director of the Salzburg Festival in 1927, and directed the official Austrian program at the Chicago Centennial in 1934. Between 1937 and 1941, he was under contract to Hollywood film studios. Joining ASCAP in 1948, his popular-song compositions include "Viennese Memories", "Rosalinda, Love of Mine", "Oh Jiminy, Oh Jiminy", "Laughing Song", "Csardas", and Melodrama".- Jack Kellaway was born on 25 February 1899 in Cape Town, South Africa. He was an actor, known for He Found a Star (1941). He died in May 1941 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Gilbert Davis was born on 9 May 1899 in Johannesburg, South Africa. He was an actor, known for The Sign of Four: Sherlock Holmes' Greatest Case (1932), Passport to Pimlico (1949) and The Amateur Gentleman (1936). He was married to Winifred Shotter. He died on 28 February 1983 in Montreux, Switzerland.
- Guy Tylden Wright was born on 30 July 1899 in Dundee, Natal, South Africa. He was an actor, known for Forbidden Cargoes (1926). He died on 19 July 1976 in Lewes, East Sussex, England, UK.
- Dorothy Black was born on 18 September 1899 in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was an actress, known for Jane Eyre (1956), The Six Proud Walkers (1954) and David Copperfield (1956). She died on 19 February 1985 in London, England, UK.
- Additional Crew
Billy Butlin was born on 29 September 1899 in Cape Town, South Africa. He is known for The Furry Folk on Holiday (1967), Points of View (1955) and This Is Your Life (1955). He was married to Lady Sheila Butlin, Norah Faith Cheriton and Dorothy Cheriton. He died on 12 June 1980 in Jersey, Channel Islands, UK.- Make-Up Department
Bill Griffiths was born on 9 October 1899 in Johannesburg, South Africa. He is known for The Avengers (1961), Pickup Alley (1957) and Sea Devils (1953).- Actor
- Soundtrack
Ian Hunter was born in the Kenilworth area of Cape Town, South Africa where he spent his childhood. In his teen years he and his parents returned to the family origins in England to live. Sometime between that arrival and the early years of World War I, Hunter began exploring acting, then in 1917 - and being only 17 - he joined the army to serve in France for the last year of the conflict still remaining. Within two years he did indeed make his stage-acting debut. Hunter would never forget the stage was the thing when the lure of movie making called - he would always return through his career. With a jovial face perpetually on the verge of smiling and a friendly and mildly English accent, Hunter had good guy lead written all over him. He decided to sample the relatively young British silent film industry by taking a part in Not for Sale (1924) for British director W.P. Kellino who had started out writing and acting for the theater. Hunter then made his first trip to the U.S. - Broadway, not Hollywood - because Basil Dean, well known British actor, director, and producer, was producing Sheridan's "The School for Scandal" at the Knickerbocker Theater - unfortunately folding after one performance. It was a more concerted effort with film the next year back in Britain, again with Kellino. He then met up-and-coming mystery and suspense director Alfred Hitchcock in 1927. He did Hitch's The Ring (1927) - about the boxing game, not suspense - and stayed for the director's Downhill (1927). And with a few more films into the next year he was back with Hitchcock once more for Easy Virtue (1927), the Noël Coward play. By late 1928 he returned to Broadway for only a month's run in the original comedy "Olympia" but stayed on in the United States via his first connection with Hollywood. The film was Syncopation (1929), his first sound film and that for RKO, that is, one of the early mono efforts, sound mix with the usual silent acting. As if restless to keep ever cycling back and forth across the Atlantic - fairly typical of Hunter's career - he returned to London for Dean's mono thriller Escape! (1930). There was an interval of fifteen films in all before Hunter returned to Hollywood and by then he was well established as a leading man. With The Girl from 10th Avenue (1935) with Bette Davis, Hunter made his connection with Warner Bros. But before settling in with them through much of the 1930s, he did three pictures in succession with another gifted and promising British director, Michael Powell. He then began the films he is most remembered from Hollywood's Golden Era. Although a small part, he is completely engaging and in command as the Duke in the Shakespearean extravaganza of Austrian theater master Max Reinhardt, A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935) for Warner Bros. It marked the start of a string of nearly thirty films for WB. Among the best remembered was his jovial King Richard in the rollicking The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938). Hunter was playing the field as well - he was at Twentieth Century as everybody's favorite father-hero - including Shirley Temple - in the The Little Princess (1939). And he was the unforgettable benign guardian angel-like Cambreau in Loew's Strange Cargo (1940) with Clark Gable. He was staying regularly busy in Hollywood until into 1942 when he returned to Britain to serve in the war effort. After the war Hunter stayed on in London, making films and doing stage work. He appeared once more on Broadway in 1948 and made Edward, My Son (1949) for George Cukor. Although there was some American playhouse theater in the mid-1950s, Hunter was bound to England, working once more for Powell in 1961 before retiring in the middle of that decade after nearly a hundred outings before the camera.- Thelma Tuson was born on 24 August 1900 in South Africa. She was an actress, known for Chu Chin Chow (1934) and Date with a Dream (1948). She died in 1976 in Hounslow, London, England, UK.
- Additional Crew
- Actor
James Vincent was born on 25 August 1900 in Durban Natal, South Africa. He is known for Conflict (1945), Uncertain Glory (1944) and Let's Dance (1950).- Campbell Cotts was born on 21 April 1902 in Fondebosch, South Africa. He was an actor, known for Last Holiday (1950), Brass Monkey (1948) and The Good Companions (1957). He died on 19 February 1964 in London, England, UK.
- Byrne Hope Saunders was born on 22 May 1902 in Port Alfred, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Byrne Hope was a writer, known for First Performance (1955). Byrne Hope was married to Frank Sperry. Byrne Hope died on 24 June 1981 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.