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- Reinhard Heydrich began his career as an officer in the post-World War I German navy. He was dishonorably discharged after becoming involved in an illicit love affair. The young woman became pregnant, but instead of marrying her, Heydrich met and soon got engaged to Lina von Osten. In 1930 Heydrich, now unemployed, was persuaded by his wife to join Adolf Hitler's National Socialist (Nazi) party, which he did the next year; he also became a member of the SS at that same time. As one of its first officers, Heydrich was tasked by Heinrich Himmler to expand the small organization into an internal security force to monitor the Nazi party. The result was the creation of the SD (Sicherheistdienst [Security Service]), which was combined, in 1934, with the Gestapo (Gestaatspolizei, or state secret police) to form the much feared SS Security Police, which Heydrich--now an SS Brigadier General--commanded. He played a major role in the destruction of the SA, known as the "storm troopers", which was an internal security service set up by Hitler but which he now suspected of plotting against him; the organization was destroyed and many of its officers, including its leader, Ernst Röhm, were murdered in June of 1934. For his services Heydrich was made a Lieutenant-General in the SS.
At the start of World War II Heydrich became commander of the consolidated Reich security forces, which he formed into the Reich Security Central Office of the SS. Also, by this time, Heydrich had become a major figure in the rounding up and planned extermination of Europe's Jews. On his orders, the SS-Einsatzgruppen--Special Groups--were created for the purpose of hunting down, rounding up and exterminating Jews in Poland and Russia. Three years later, in 1942, he chaired the infamous Wannsee Conference, where the decision was made to exterminate all the Jews of Europe. Promoted to SS-General (Obergruppenfuhrer), Heydrich was made the Reich Governor of Czechoslovakia at the start of 1942. Aware of how powerful, cunning and dangerous Heydrich was, British intelligence agents put together an operation designed to kill him, and trained and dispatched three Czech exiles to Prague. The assassination was carried out in May of 1942. Heydrich died a short while later, on June 4th, the same day of the historic Battle of Midway in the Pacific.
If ever a truly monstrous and evil man existed, it was Reinhard Heydrich, one of the masterminds of the Holocaust. In a horrific act of revenge, called "Operation Reinhard," Hitler had the entire village of Lidice, Czechoslovakia--near where Heydrich was killed--exterminated. All male inhabitants above the age of 15 were shot; all other residents were sent to concentration camps, and the village itself was physically wiped off the face of the earth. Heydrich was buried with full honors. His grave on the Invalidenfriedhof in Berlin is now anonymous in order to prevent any form of remembrance. - Chester Himes was born on 29 July 1909 in Jefferson City, Missouri, USA. He was a writer, known for Cotton Comes to Harlem (1970), Come Back Charleston Blue (1972) and A Rage in Harlem (1991). He was married to Lesley Packard and Jean Johnson. He died on 12 November 1984 in Moravia, Costa Blanca, Spain.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Eugen Burg was born on 6 January 1871 in Berlin, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Der wird geheiratet (1921), The Hound of the Baskervilles (1915) and Alles aus Gefälligkeit (1916). He was married to Emmy Raabe-Burg. He died on 15 November 1944 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].- Writer
- Director
Vladislav Vancura was born on 23 June 1891 in Háj u Opavy, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. He was a writer and director, known for Láska a lidé (1937), Pred maturitou (1932) and Nasi furianti (1937). He died on 1 June 1942 in Prague-Kobylisy, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].- Hans Kammler was born on 26 August 1901 in Stettin, Pomerania, Germany [now Szczecin, Zachodniopomorskie, Poland]. He was married to Jutta Carla Anna Horn. He died on 9 May 1945 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Auguste van Pels was born on 29 September 1900 in Osnabrück, Germany. She was married to Herman van Pels. She died on 9 April 1945 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Fritz Strassny was born in 1868. He was an actor, known for The Man Who Laughs (1921), The Hands of Orlac (1924) and Die Geheimnisse von London - Die Tragödie eines Kindes (1920). He died on 14 September 1942 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Siegfried Translateur was born on 19 June 1875 in Bad Carlsruhe, Upper Silesia, Germany. Siegfried was a composer, known for Um eine Nasenlänge (1931). Siegfried died on 1 March 1944 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Clementine Plessner was born on 7 December 1855 in Vienna, Austrian Empire [now Austria]. She was an actress, known for Taras Bulba (1924), Kaliber fünf Komma zwei (1920) and Das Tagebuch einer Verlorenen (1918). She died on 27 February 1943 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Vilém Mrstík was born on 14 May 1863 in Jimramov, Moravia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. He was a writer, known for Pohádka máje (1926), Marysa (1935) and Pohádka máje (1940). He was married to Bozena Pacasová. He died on 2 March 1912 in Diváky, Moravia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic].
- Libuse Domaninska was born on 4 July 1924 in Brno, Czechoslovakia [now Czech Republic]. She was an actress, known for Pet holek na krku (1967), Dalibor (1956) and Láska, písen vecne zpívaná (1984). She was married to Jaroslav Vycichl. She died on 2 February 2021 in Hodonín, Moravia, Czech Republic.
- Louis Treumann was born on 3 March 1872 in Vienna, Lower Austria, Austria-Hungary. He was an actor, known for The Tinker (1926), Die Maske der Schuld (1922) and Trust der Diebe (1929). He died in July 1944 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Popelka Biliánová was born on 27 January 1862 in Králuv Dvur, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. Popelka was a writer, known for Do panského stavu (1925), V panském stavu (1927) and Paní Katynka z Vajecného trhu (1929). Popelka died on 7 May 1941 in Prague, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Alfred Bastýr was born on 1 January 1865 in Kardasova Recice, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. He was an actor, known for Batalión (1937), Otrávené svetlo (1921) and První políbení (1935). He died in 1942 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Karel Schleichert was born on 28 January 1865 in Kostelec nad Cernými lesy, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. He was an actor, known for Horské volání S.O.S. (1929), Erotikon (1929) and Workers, Let's Go (1934). He died on 7 February 1940 in Písek, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Josef Svatopluk Machar was born on 29 February 1864 in Kolín, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. Josef Svatopluk was a writer, known for Magdalena (1921). Josef Svatopluk died on 17 March 1942 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Costume Designer
- Art Director
- Actor
Josef Wenig was born on 12 February 1885 in Stankov, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. He was a costume designer and art director, known for Dáma s ruzí (1919), Na vysoké stráni (1921) and Filosofská historie (1938). He died on 8 June 1939 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].- Jirí Mahen was born on 12 December 1882 in Cáslav, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. Jirí was a writer, known for Jánosik (1936), Jánosík (1921) and Jak se sevcem sili certi (1975). Jirí died on 22 May 1939 in Brno, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Sasa Dobrovolná was born on 16 November 1866 in Prague, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. She was an actress, known for Mrtví zijí (1922), Jindra, hrabenka Ostrovínová (1934) and Magdalena (1921). She died on 20 May 1942 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Marie Klimesová was born on 4 September 1896 in Prague, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. She was an actress, known for The Five Senses of a Man (1913). She died on 25 December 1941 in Prague, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Mathilde Sussin was born on 21 September 1876 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. She was an actress, known for Die Buddenbrooks (1923), Frühlingserwachen (1929) and The Blue from the Sky (1932). She died on 2 August 1943 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Leopold Jacobson was born on 30 June 1878 in Czernowitz, Bukovina, Austria-Hungary [now Chernivtsi, Ukraine]. He was a writer, known for The Smiling Lieutenant (1931), Married in Hollywood (1929) and The Chocolate Soldier (1914). He died on 23 February 1943 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].- Bohumil Benoni was born on 25 February 1862 in Chrudim, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. He was an actor, known for Písen lásky (1919). He died on 10 February 1942 in Weißwasser, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia [now Belá pod Bezdezem, Czech Republic].
- Writer
- Actor
F.X. Svoboda was born on 25 October 1860 in Mnísek pod Brdy, Bohemia, Austrian Empire [now Czech Republic]. He was a writer and actor, known for Cekanky (1940), Poslední muz (1934) and Roztomilý clovek (1941). He died on 25 May 1943 in Prague, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].- Václav Cech-Strán was born on 4 February 1857 in Stetí, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. Václav was a writer, known for Chudá holka (1930). Václav died on 3 May 1941 in Prague, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Writer
- Actress
Anna Ziegloserová was born on 7 March 1883 in Plzen, Austria-Hungary. She was a writer and actress, known for Adam a Eva (1940), Trny a kvety (1921) and Cácorka (1935). She died on 3 July 1942 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.- Jakub Deml was born on 20 August 1878 in Tasov, Moravia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. He was a writer, known for Forgotten Light (1996). He died on 10 February 1961 in Tasov, Moravia, Czechoslovakia [now Czech Republic].
- Jenny Marba was born on 18 May 1869 in Vilna, Russian Empire [now Vilnius, Lithuania]. She was an actress, known for Gentlemen-Gauner (1920), Der gefesselte Polo (1929) and Othello (1918). She died on 1 November 1942 in Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Terezín, Czech Republic].
- Writer
- Actor
- Producer
Rudolf Medek was born on 8 January 1890 in Königgrätz, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. He was a writer and actor, known for Za ceskoslovenský stát (1928), Ohnivý drak (1925) and Zborov (1938). He was married to Eva Slavicka. He died on 22 September 1940 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.- Hans Götz was born in 1890 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was an actor, known for Der letzte Wiener Fiaker (1937), Versuchen Sie meine Schwester (1931) and Der Fall des Generalstabs-Oberst Redl (1931). He died on 10 November 1939 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia [now Czech Republic].
- Anna Pírková was born on 19 June 1892 in Prague, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic]. She was an actress, known for Batalion (1927), Krizovatky (1922) and Milenky starého kriminálníka (1927). She died on 3 December 1944 in Prague, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.