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- Composer
- Soundtrack
Giuseppe Torelli was born on 22 April 1658 in Verona, Italy. Giuseppe was a composer, known for Ocean's Twelve (2004), Ready to Wear (1994) and Adored: Diary of a Porn Star (2003). Giuseppe died on 28 February 1709 in Bologna, Italy.- Writer
- Soundtrack
Henry Fielding was born April 22nd 1707, the son of Edmund Fielding, an impoverished nobleman who spent most of his time in and out of various debtor's prisons. After the death of their mother, Henry and his seven siblings were taken in by their maternal grandmother. He was a wild and willful young man, and after a brief stint abroad in a Dutch college, he moved to London and began writing plays. Though his works were very successful, Henry had inherited his father's inability to handle money, and he remained perpetually in debt. In 1734, after a four year courtship, he convinced a young lady named Charlotte Craddock to marry him. Henry was madly in love with Charlotte, and they enjoyed ten happy years of marriage before her death in 1744 of a fever. Henry mourned her deeply, and Sophia Western, the heroine of his novel "Tom Jones", was modeled on Charlotte. In 1747 he married his wife's former maid, Mary Daniel, who was six months pregnant with their child at the time. Known as a brawler, a drunkard, and a womanizer, Henry was nonetheless a prolific and energetic author.
When his health failed in 1754, he sailed to Lisbon, Portugal, hoping a warmer climate would improve his constitution. Instead, he contracted jaundice there and died two months after his arrival on October 8th 1754.- Immanuel Kant was born the fourth of ten children in a family of craftsmen in Königsberg.
Between 1732 and 1740 Kant attended the Friedrichskollegium in Königsberg. In 1737 his mother died. After leaving school, he studied natural sciences, mathematics, philosophy, theology and classical Latin literature at the Albertina University in Königsberg from 1740 to 1745. His father died in 1745, shortly before completing his studies. While he was still studying and doing his doctorate, Immanuel Kant worked as a tutor and tutor in the area around Königsberg to secure his family's livelihood. During this time he also published his first natural-philosophical texts such as "Thoughts on the True Estimation of Living Forces" (1749). After this time, Kant never left Konigsberg for the rest of his life.
Nevertheless, he later led a sociable life. In the scientific, anonymously published work "General Natural History and Theory of the Heavens" (1755), Kant deals with the formation of the planetary system according to Newton's principles. In 1755 he completed his doctorate with a thesis on fire entitled "De igne". In the same year he completed his habilitation thesis "Nova Dilucidatio", a treatise on metaphysical principles, and began teaching as a private lecturer at the Albertina. His lecture subjects were varied: logic, ethics, metaphysics, mathematics, natural law, philosophical encyclopedia, pedagogy, mechanics, theology and anthropology. Kant's lectures were well attended. Again and again he tried to get a full professorship at the university, but this was rejected for a long time despite his high qualifications.
In the years from 1758 to 1762 Königsberg was occupied by the Russians. This period brought with it a relaxed social atmosphere in which Kant took part. He turned down a professorship for poetry at the Albertina. In 1766, in addition to his income from hearing aids and private tuition, he found another source of income when he accepted the position of assistant librarian at the royal palace library. He also declined an appointment at the University of Erlangen as a professor for logic and metaphysics, as well as that at the University of Jena. It was not until 1770 that Kant received a full professorship in logic and metaphysics at the University of Königsberg. In his inaugural lecture, he spoke about the topic "Sensual and Intelligible World". Here Kant separates sensual and intelligent knowledge, space and time are recognized as subjective forms of perception.
The topic of his inaugural speech became the basis for his main work "Critique of Pure Reason" (1781), on which he had worked for ten years. This was followed at shorter intervals by further critical writings such as "Critique of Practical Reason" (1788) or "Critique of Judgment" (1790). These works were intended as the cornerstone for an overall system of his philosophy, which, however, was only partially implemented. His article "Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment", which appeared in the Berlin Monthly Magazine in 1784, became famous, as did Kant's catchy answer, which he summed up: "Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-inflicted immaturity". "The Critique of Pure Reason" surprised the reading public. The edition, of which another edition with changes appeared in 1787, was difficult to understand.
Kant remedied this by writing a more accessible edition in 1783 entitled "Prolegomena to any future metaphysics". In 1790 his writing "About a discovery according to which all new criticism of pure reason should be made superfluous by an older one" came out as a defense against school-philosophical attacks from the Leipniz-Wolffian corner. In 1786 Kant became a member of the Academy of Sciences. In 1795 his writing "Perpetual Peace" was published. In it Kant presents a utopian draft of a League of Nations. The work became a success. Two periods were recognizable in Kant's work: the pre-critical and, after the publication of his main work "Critique of Pure Reason" in 1781, the critical creative phase. The following stages of development became noticeable:
In his scientific phase from 1747 to 1755 he laid the foundation for his later theory of development. In his metaphysical phase he turned away from traditional Wolffian teaching and advocated a critical metaphysics. His critical philosophy began with his main work, followed by the stage of the post-critical creative period, including the work "Opus postumum", which was only published in 1938 and which combines Kant's criticism and the metaphysics of idealism. In his practical philosophy, Kant sees the "categorical imperative" as the supreme justification principle for morality and norms of action: "Only act according to that maxim through which you can also want it to become general law." In 1796 Kant gave his last lecture.
Immanuel Kant died in Koenigsberg on February 12, 1804. - Joseph Mallord William Turner was born on 22 April 1775 in Maiden Lane, London, England. He is known for Romantic Versus Classical Art (1973). He died on 19 December 1851 in Chelsea, London, England, UK.
- Jørgen Moe was born on 22 April 1813 in Hole, Province Buskerud, Norway. He was a writer, known for Anansi Storytime (2016), Jackanory (1965) and Reve-enka (1962). He was married to Johanne Fredrikke Sofie Sørensen. He died on 27 March 1882 in Kristiansand, Norway.
- Joseph Spillman was born on 22 April 1842 in Zug, Switzerland. Joseph was a writer, known for The Victim (1920) and Die Tat des Abbé Montmoulin (1922). Joseph died on 20 February 1905 in Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
- J. Frank Burke was born on 22 April 1867 in Hartland, Vermont, USA. He was an actor, known for The Iced Bullet (1917), Madcap Madge (1917) and The Italian (1915). He died on 23 January 1918 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Doc Crane was born on 22 April 1846 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. He was an actor, known for Lord John's Journal (1915), Lord John in New York (1915) and The College Orphan (1915). He died on 17 April 1920 in California, USA.
- Playwright and journalist Charles Haddon Chambers was born in Sydney, Australia, on April 22, 1860, to Irish immigrants. After graduating from school he took a government job with the New South Wales Civil Service, but left after a few years to be a stockrider in the outback.
At age 22 he left Australia for London, England, to try his hand at journalism. He also began writing plays, and it wasn't long before a comedy he wrote, "Captain Swift", was produced by Sir Beerbohm Tree at the Haymarket Theatre in 1888, and it was a hit. In 1890 another of his plays, "The Idler", was produced on Broadway in New York. Several of his plays were turned into films.
During World War I he worked for the British government turning out propaganda. He died of a stroke in London in 1921. - Kálmán Ujj was born on 22 April 1883 in Kassa, Austria-Hungary. He was an actor, known for Az utolsó hajnal (1917), Das Spiel mit dem Tode (1918) and Az anyaszív (1917). He was married to Juliska Dinnyési. He died on 4 December 1921 in Budapest, Hungary.
- Actor
- Writer
Brian Daly was born on 22 April 1863 in Hampstead, London, England, UK. He was an actor and writer, known for The Little Minister (1915), In the Ranks (1914) and The Yule Log (1914). He died on 28 April 1923 in St. Pancras, London, England, UK.- Additional Crew
- Writer
- Actor
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (22 April 1870 - 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia, and later the Soviet Union, became a one-party socialist state governed by the Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Leninism.- Henning Berger was born on 22 April 1872 in Stockholm, Sweden. He was a writer, known for The Way of All Men (1930), The Sin Flood (1922) and Die Maske fällt (1931). He died on 30 March 1924 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
- E. Holman Clark was born on 22 April 1864 in East Hothley, Sussex, England, UK. He was an actor, known for The Brass Bottle (1914), A Message from Mars (1913) and Once Aboard the Lugger (1920). He died on 7 September 1925 in London, England, UK.
- Nicola Sacco was born on 22 April 1891. He died on 27 August 1927.
- Writer
- Director
- Producer
Born near Vienna in 1872, Reinert's early life is shrouded in mystery. He apparently became a successful novelist, publishing "Der Weg zur Sonne" (1906) and "Krieg" (1907). After 1900 he moved to Munich, where he joined Frank Wedekind's cabaret, "Die Elf Scharfrichter". His first film script was for director William Wauer at Projektions-Union A.G., Berlin, in 1915. He achieved a huge success with his script for Otto Rippert's six part fantasy film, Homunculus (1916), and was then hired by Decla-Bioscop to write and direct films for Maria Carmi. He became artistic supervisor at Decla-Bioscop, Berlin, producing over twenty films in 1917-1918. In July 1918 Reinert left Decla-Bioscop to form his own company, Robert Reinert Monumental-Film GmbH. In 1920 the company merged with several other Munich based production firms to form Münchner Lichtspielkunst Konzern (Emelka). In 1925, after the commercial failure of his last films, he joined Ufa as producer and scriptwriter. He died suddenly of a heart attack in August 1928 and was buried in Munich.- Mack Fluker was born on 22 April 1903 in Los Angeles, California, USA. He was an actor, known for Win That Girl (1928), The Bath Between (1928) and The Helpless Helper (1927). He died on 28 April 1929 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Composer
- Soundtrack
Juan Vert was born on 22 April 1890 in Carcagente, Valencia, Spain. He was a composer, known for Frivolinas (1927), La del Soto del Parral (1929) and Amor de hombre (1997). He died on 16 February 1931 in Madrid, Spain.- W. Carey Wonderly was born on 22 April 1885 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. W. Carey was a writer, known for Street Girl (1929), That Girl from Paris (1936) and The World to Live In (1919). W. Carey died on 14 December 1931.
- Belle Bennett's parents were William and Mary Bendon (stage name Bennett). They appeared in "Billy Bennett's Big Shows" which were traveling shows appearing in tents and local 'opera' houses. The shows presented vaudeville acts and melodramas. Belle was headlining in her teens before moving on to stage and film in her twenties. Dozens of advertisements and articles appeared in the local paper "The Mille Lacs Co. Times." None refer to a circus but to the above mentioned 'shows'.
- Director
- Writer
- Additional Crew
A former newspaper writer and cartoonist, George D. Baker joined Vitagraph in 1913 as a director, and was the main director for the films of the studio's popular comedian John Bunny--of Bunny's 43 comedies at Vitagraph, Baker made 39 of them. Bunny left Vitagraph to return to the stage, and Vitagraph put Baker to work with comedian Jay Dwiggins, hoping to strike gold with him as they did with Bunny. It didn't work. Baker subsequently left Vitagraph and went to Metro Pictures, where he became the main director for star Viola Dana. He left the industry in 1924.- Hayden Coffin was born on 22 April 1862 in Manchester, England, UK. He was an actor, known for School for Scandal (1930), It's Always the Woman (1916) and Queen of My Heart (1917). He was married to Adeline Hayden Coffin. He died on 8 December 1935 in Kensington, London, England, UK.
- Sophie Pagay was born on 22 April 1860 in Brünn, Austria-Hungary. She was an actress, known for Deception (1920), Gentlemen-Gauner (1920) and Das Bildnis des Dorian Gray (1917). She died on 23 January 1937 in Berlin, Germany.
- Sound Department
L.E. Tope was born on 22 April 1900 in Iowa, USA. She is known for The Phantom Express (1932), Night Life in Reno (1931) and The Sea Ghost (1931). She died on 27 March 1937 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- John Lowell was born on 22 April 1875 in Pleasant Valley, Iowa, USA. He was an actor, known for The Clouded Name (1919), Lost in a Big City (1923) and Floodgates (1924). He was married to Lillian Case Russell. He died on 20 September 1937 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Flora Disney was born on 22 April 1868 in Steuben, Ohio, USA. She was married to Elias Disney. She died on 26 November 1938 in North Hollywood, California, USA.
- Károly Aszlányi was born on 22 April 1908 in Orsova, Austria-Hungary [now Serbia]. He was a writer, known for Beszállásolás (1938), Se io fossi onesto (1942) and A tökéletes család (1942). He was married to Mária Horvath. He died on 8 December 1938 in Dorog, Hungary.
- Actor
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Donald McNamee was born on 22 April 1897 in Illinois, USA. He was an actor, known for The Great Gabbo (1929) and Fashion Madness (1928). He was married to Ada Lilly. He died on 17 July 1940 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Émile Duard was born on 22 April 1862 in Paris, France. He was an actor, known for Little Jack (1912), L'or (1934) and La brèche d'enfer (1923). He died on 12 January 1941 in Paris, France.
- Actor
Ettore Campana was born on 22 April 1875 in Savignano Irpino, Campania, Italy. He was an actor. He was married to Esperanza Susanna deYbarrondo. He died on 26 June 1941 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Bruno Mussolini was born on 22 April 1918 in Milan, Lombardy, Italy. He was a writer, known for Gente dell'aria (1943). He was married to Gina Ruberti. He died on 7 August 1941 in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy.
- Palle Rosenkrantz was born on 22 April 1867 in Helsingør, Denmark. He was a writer, known for Guldhornene (1914), Mirzi (1914) and Lejla (1914). He was married to Edle Christiane Nielsen. He died on 1 October 1941 in Charlottenlund, Denmark.
- Ursula Krug was born on 22 April 1896. She was an actress, known for Konnitsa skachet (1929), Fragment of an Empire (1929) and Tarko (1926). She died on 13 January 1942.
- W.C. Robinson was born on 22 April 1873 in Manhattan, New York, USA. He was an actor, known for The Wooing of Alice (1912), Winning Back His Love (1910) and Destiny Decides (1915). He died on 13 July 1942 in Maywood, California, USA.
- Halbert Brown was born on 22 April 1865 in Whitingham, Vermont, USA. He was an actor, known for My Four Years in Germany (1918), Please Help Emily (1917) and Open Your Eyes (1919). He died on 24 October 1942 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Brenda Lane was born on 22 April 1902 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. She was an actress, known for The Flame Fighter (1925), The New Klondike (1926) and Along Came Ruth (1924). She died on 30 November 1942 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Actor
- Director
Arthur Natorp was born on 22 April 1890 in Stockholm, Sweden. He was an actor and director, known for Då länkarna smiddes (1939), Kärlek och monopol (1936) and Trygghet och trivsel (1942). He was married to Gull Natorp. He died on 19 January 1943 in Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden.- Actor
- Director
Hans Homma was born on 22 April 1874 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was an actor and director, known for The Hands of Orlac (1924), Die Puppe des Maharadscha (1924) and Der Roman zweier Herzen (1921). He died on 8 May 1943 in Vienna, Lower Austria, Austria [now Austria].- Pete Gordon was born on 22 April 1887 in Naples, Italy. He was an actor, known for Lady of Burlesque (1943), Sunset Murder Case (1938) and Youth and Adventure (1925). He died on 25 May 1943 in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Michael Wittmann was born on 22 April 1914 in Germany. He was married to Hildegard Burmester. He died on 8 August 1944 in Normandy, France.
- Henri Lafont was born on 22 April 1902 in Paris, France. He died on 27 December 1944 in Arcueil, Val-de-Marne, France.
- Ellen Glasgow was born on 22 April 1874 in Richmond, Virginia, USA. She was a writer, known for In This Our Life (1942), In This Our Life and Studio One (1948). She died on 21 November 1945 in Richmond, Virginia, USA.
- Was an only child, Rondo Hatton was born to Stewart and Emily Hatton in Hagerstown, Maryland. The family moved to Tampa, Florida, in 1912, when he was a high-school senior, and his father joined a family-owned business there. Rondo was apparently popular and a good athlete, especially in football.
After leaving high school, Rondo joined the Florida National Guard to pursue a military career. Rondo first saw battle in the Mexican border war and then in France in World War I. There, he was exposed to poison gas, was hospitalized with lung injury, and was subsequently medically discharged from service and consigned to a pension.
Returning to Tampa, he took employment as a reporter for the Tampa Tribune, where he worked until 1936 when he moved to Hollywood.
Sometime after his exposure to the poison gas, Rondo began to develop acromegaly, a slowly progressive medical condition, which brings after a person has matured physically, and reached their adult height.
Acromegaly (a disorder of the pituitary gland) causes deformation of bones in the head, hands and feet, and internal and external soft tissues. The body resumes production of growth hormone, but as the bone structure can no longer continue symmetric growth (as in giantism). According to all available sources, Rondo's acromegaly was a result of the poison gas he'd been exposed to, though it is almost always caused by a tumor on the pituitary.
In any event, Rondo's increasing disfigurement is thought to have led to his first divorce and certainly was responsible for his being noticed by director Henry King. who was shooting a movie, Hell Harbor (1930), near Tampa. Reporter Hatton was covering the filming, and King offered him a role.
Hatton continued his work as a reporter, until after his second marriage in 1934; in 1936, he and his new, more faithful wife moved to Hollywood. Thereafter, Hatton appears to have subsisted primarily on bit parts or extra roles, with an occasional role substantial enough to earn him cast acknowledgment, until being cast for the role of the "Hoxton Creeper" in Universal's The Pearl of Death (1944). Universal thereafter attempted to promote Hatton to horror film stardom because of his acromegalic appearance, including a burgeoning series about a spine-breaking maniac called "The Creeper."
Around Christmas, 1945, Rondo suffered a mild heart attack. (weakness, along with diabetes and blindness being common complications of acromegaly) and, seemingly recovered. But approximately one month later, Rondo suffered a major heart attack, which proved fatal.
Rondo's body was returned to Tampa for burial. In 1988, filmmaker Fred Olen Ray extensively researched Hatton's life, producing the sensitive article "Rondo Hatton: Monster Man" (referenced below), giving this man the graceful memorial he deserved. - Alina Gryficz-Mielewska was born on 22 April 1887 in Miedzeszyn, Poland, Russian Empire [now Miedzeszyn, Wawer, Warsaw, Mazowieckie, Poland]. She was an actress, known for Die Brüder Karamasoff (1920) and Lokaj (1919). She died on 24 April 1946 in Lódz, Lódzkie, Poland.
- Production Designer
- Art Department
Sándor Iliszi was born on 22 April 1912 in Budapest, Austria-Hungary [now Hungary]. He was a production designer, known for Leányvásár (1941), A 2000 pengös férfi (1942) and Halálos tavasz (1939). He died on 19 November 1946 in Budapest, Hungary.- Karl Lerbs was born on 22 April 1893 in Bremen, Germany. He was a writer, known for Der Mann, der nicht nein sagen kann (1938), Lady Windermeres Fächer (1935) and Die Küsse der Ira Toscari (1922). He died on 27 November 1946.
- Prince Gustaf Adolf was born on 22 April 1906 in Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden. He was married to Princess Sibylla. He died on 26 January 1947 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Maria Zarebinska was born on 22 April 1904 in Swietokrzyskie, Poland. She was an actress, known for Sygnaly (1938), O czym marza kobiety (1937) and Granica (1938). She was married to Wladyslaw Broniewski. She died on 5 July 1947 in Zurich, Switzerland.
- Vianna da Motta was born on 22 April 1868 in São Tomé & Príncipe, Africa. Vianna was a composer, known for Vianna da Motta, Cenas Portuguesas (1999). Vianna died on 31 May 1948 in Lisbon, Portugal.
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Per Knutzon was born on 22 April 1897 in Denmark. He was an actor and director, known for Jens Langkniv (1940), For folkets fremtid (1943) and Københavnere (1933). He died on 1 September 1948 in Denmark.