Phantom Limb remarks that Billy was 'hippy flipping on Venture's goodtime gas.' The term "hippy flipping" colloquially denotes the act of combining MDMA and psilocybin mushrooms.
Warriana refers to Brock as "Heracles." This name references a mythical ancient Greek character called Heracles (a son of Zeus). Like Brock, Heracles is a paragon of masculinity who fights humans and monsters. The mythical Heracles is also known as Hercules in Rome and the modern West.
The hidden red phone in the Newark mayor's office is a reference to the 60's era Adam West Bat Man series.
The source of the quote that Dr. Nidaba reads to Dean's class, "All great things must first wear terrifying and monstrous masks in order to inscribe themselves on the hearts of humanity," is on the chalkboard: Friedrich Nietzsche.
The viral video of Billy Quizboy on god gas spoofs another viral video, that of a drunken David Hasselhoff eating a hamburger while lying on the floor of his home. The lines are from "David after Dentist."